Cov yam tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab cov pa roj carbon ntxiv
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm cov pa oxygen xav tau (BOD) thiab tshuaj lom neeg oxygen xav tau (COD): Thaum BOD / COD piv hauv cov dej phwj qis qis dua 0.3, nws qhia tau tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm biodegradable organic teeb meem hauv dej phwj yog tsawg thiab microbial kev ua haujlwm yog txwv. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv kom tsim nyog los txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm degradation ntawm cov kab mob.
Yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem nitrification thiab denitrification: Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm anaerobic ammonia oxidation los yog denitrification, txaus cov organic carbon yuav tsum tau raws li ib tug electron pub kom ua tau zoo nitrogen conversion. Yog tias cov pa roj carbon hauv lub cev tsis txaus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv denitrification tuaj yeem raug thaiv, thiab yuav tsum muaj cov pa roj carbon ntxiv ntxiv.
Txo cov sludge daws qhov ua tau zoo: Cov pa roj carbon muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov flocculation thiab daws cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov sludge. Thaum nws pom tias cov sludge daws kev ua tau zoo tau ua tsis zoo thiab SVI tus nqi tau nce, nws yuav yog vim qhov txo qis ntawm polysaccharides tsim los ntawm microbial metabolism. Kev tsim nyog cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntxiv tuaj yeem rov qab ua cov qauv qub thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov sludge.
Kev ua haujlwm nyob rau lub caij ntuj no tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias: Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob tau txo qis, thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau nws tus kheej ua kom cov pa roj carbon monoxide tsis muaj zog. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem biochemical, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv.
Cov effluent zoo tsis tau raws li tus qauv: Raws li cov txheej txheem kev kho, yog tias cov dej ntws zoo tseem tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li tus qauv tso tawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum COD Performance index tseem siab, nws kuj qhia tau tias nws yuav tsim nyog los txhim kho cov nyhuv biodegradation. cov pa phem los ntawm kev ntxiv cov pa roj carbon.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev kho mob biochemical thiab CNP piv: Thaum qhov piv ntawm carbon, nitrogen thiab phosphorus (CNP) hauv cov dej phwj tuaj tsis muaj qhov sib npaug, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pa roj carbon tsis txaus, uas yog, qhov sib piv CN yog qis dua li qhov tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob thiab cov metabolism. ntawm cov kab mob (feem ntau suav hais tias yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4-6), cov pa roj carbon ntxiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov txheej txheem biodegradation.
Tag nrho cov nitrogen ua raws li cov neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb: Yuav kom ua tiav tag nrho cov nitrogen (TN) tshem tawm lub hom phiaj, hauv cov txheej txheem xws li nitrification thiab denitrification, yog tias cov organic teeb meem hauv cov dej nyoos tsis txaus los muab cov pa roj carbon txaus los txhawb cov denitrifying. Cov kab mob kom txo tau NOx-N rau nitrogen, tom qab ntawd yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov pa roj carbon monoxide.
Kev ua kom cov sludge kab lis kev cai thiab acclimatization theem: Nyob rau hauv tshiab tsim los yog restarted dej phwj kho nroj tsuag, thawj kab lis kev cai thiab acclimatization theem ntawm activated sludge microbial cov zej zog feem ntau xav tau cov pa roj carbon txaus los txhawb kev loj hlob sai microbial thiab tsim ib tug ruaj khov ecosystem.
Kev kho cov dej khib nyiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: Rau qee cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam, yog tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov pa roj carbon zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem dej phwj tuaj thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov dej tsis zoo raws li cov qauv, ces cov pa roj carbon monoxide yuav raug txiav txim siab.
Shock load teb nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb: Thaum cov chaw kho dej phwj tuaj cuam tshuam los ntawm cov pa phem siab lossis cov kev hloov pauv raws caij nyoog ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov dej tsis zoo, nws kuj tseem yuav tsim nyog rau ib ntus kom cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv los txhim kho qhov kev poob siab. tsis kam thiab ruaj khov kev ua haujlwm.
Hauv kev kho cov dej phwj tuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ntawm ib sab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb "roj" rau cov kab mob kom ua tiav cov tshuaj biochemical. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws muaj kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kho thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus tshem tawm.
Yog li, thaum twg peb txiav txim siab tias cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov dej phwj tuaj?
Nitrification-denitrification txheej txheem: Biological denitrification feem ntau suav nrog ob theem: ammonia oxidation (nitrification) thiab nitrate txo (denitrification). Hauv cov txheej txheem nitrification, txawm hais tias cov kab mob tuaj yeem siv cov organic teeb meem hauv cov dej khib nyiab los ua lub zog, yog tias qhov muaj txiaj ntsig BOD / N tus nqi qis dhau, uas yog, thaum biodegradable organic carbon tsis tshua muaj, cov kab mob yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog txaus rau. ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem nitrification, uas yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov txheej txheem denitrification tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntxiv ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm sab nraud carbon qhov chaw, xws li sodium acetate thiab lwm yam yooj yim degradable organic teeb meem, pab kom ruaj khov kev vam meej ntawm nitrification thiab denitrification thiab ua tau zoo denitrification.
Anaerobic phosphorus tso tawm thiab aerobic phosphorus nqus theem: Hauv cov txheej txheem tshem tawm phosphorus, cov kab mob polyphosphate thawj zaug tso phosphate nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej anaerobic kom tau txais lub zog, thiab tom qab ntawd rov tsim cov phosphate intracellular los ntawm absorbing cov organic carbon hauv qab aerobic. Thaum cov organic carbon cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub influent tsis txaus los txhawb cov kab mob kom tag nrho siv cov phosphorus keeb nyob rau hauv no alternating metabolic txheej txheem, cov pa roj carbon ntxiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv los txhawb kom zoo dua nqus thiab cia ntawm phosphorus los ntawm cov kab mob, yog li txhim kho cov efficiency ntawm. tshem tawm phosphorus.
System rov qab thiab ua haujlwm ruaj khov: Thaum cov kav dej phwj tuaj ntsib kev poob siab, kev ua haujlwm poob qis lossis lub sijhawm hloov kho lub cev, qhov tsim nyog ntxiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog thiab rov ua kom muaj cov kab mob microbial, txhim kho sludge sedimentation kev ua tau zoo, thiab txhim kho thiab stabilize kev kho mob ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev txiav txim siab txog kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim nyog thiab lub sijhawm ntxiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog ib qho ntawm cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb txhawm rau txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshem tawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus tshem tawm. Kev txiav txim siab kom raug yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej phwj tuaj (xws li BOD, N, P concentrations, microbial kev ua, thiab lwm yam) thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem.