Abstract
Circulating dej khib nyiab los ntawm iav fiber ntau muaj iav microfibers, colloids, thiab acidic tshuaj. Nws cov dej tsis zoo yog yooj yim deteriorated, cuam tshuam rau cov khoom zoo, thiab cov txheej txheem kev kho ib txwm yog qhov nyuaj rau kev rov ua dua tshiab. Daim ntawv no siv cov tshuab ultrafiltration membrane los kho cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov iav fiber ntau. Lub membrane flux, transmembrane siab sib txawv, effluent zoo, thiab ua hauj lwm stability ntawm cross-flow filtration thiab tuag-kawg pom cov txheej txheem yog muab piv. Lub voj voog lim thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav tau zoo los xyuas qhov ua tau ntawm ultrafiltration membrane rov siv dua. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias ob txoj hauv kev pom tuaj yeem ua tiav cov dej khib nyiab kom huv, ua kom pom tseeb thiab pob tshab effluent. Hla -Flow filtration exhibits muaj zog nruam kev lag luam stability, thaum tuag-kawg pom yog ntau compact. Thaum lub voj voog pom tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2h, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem nyob ruaj khov, thiab kev ntxuav lub cev ua ke nrog cov cua txhuam + rov qab ntxuav + rov qab yaug dej tuaj yeem rov qab ua haujlwm ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov kua dej uas kho tau tuaj yeem rov siv ncaj qha rau hauv cov kab ntau lawm, txo qis kev tso tawm thiab siv dej tshiab, muab kev daws teeb meem rau cov peev txheej{15}}raws li rov siv cov iav fiber ntau cov dej khib nyiab.
Ntsiab lus: Ultrafiltration membrane; iav fiber ntau dej khib nyiab; Kev rov ua dua tshiab; Hla-Flow filtration; Tuag-kawg pom; Transmembrane siab sib txawv; Kev ntxuav lub cev
Taw qhia
Hauv kev tsim cov iav fiber ntau thiab cov roj teeb cais, cov dej ntws tawm ua rau cov dej khib nyiab ntau uas muaj cov iav microfibers, colloids, thiab acidic tshuaj. Cov dej tsis zoo sai sai, ua rau cov khoom lag luam poob qis, cov kab ntau lawm kaw rau kev hloov dej, thiab cov dej khib nyiab ntau ntxiv, yog li ua rau kev kho dej khib nyiab. Cov txheej txheem sedimentation thiab pom tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov fibers zoo thiab colloids, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Ultrafiltration membrane tshuab, tsav los ntawm lub siab, tuaj yeem khaws cov khoom zoo, colloids, thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li kev sib cais siab, cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg, ua kom haum rau iav fiber ntau cov dej khib nyiab. Hla -Flow filtration thiab tuag-kawg pom yog ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ultrafiltration membranes, nrog rau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv kev khiav hauj lwm, kev tswj cov pa phem, thiab cov nqi tu. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem optimization tshwj xeeb rau cov iav fiber ntau cov dej khib nyiab yog txwv. Daim ntawv no sib piv cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob txheej txheem los ntawm kev sim- ntsuas ntsuas, ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav, ua tiav cov dej khib nyiab rov qab, thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv dej.
1. Cov ntaub ntawv sim thiab cov txheej txheem
1.1 Kev Ntsuas Cov Qauv Dej
Cov qauv dej tau muab coj los ntawm lub pas dej dawb ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom roj teeb cais. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab yog: muaj cov iav microfibers thiab colloids, pH≈2, milky dawb nyob rau hauv tsos, siab -fiber, muaj zog acidic circulating dej khib nyiab, nrog ib ncig ntawm 1-2 hnub thiab loj hloov nyob rau hauv dej zoo.
1.2 Kev sim ntsuas ntsuas
Ib qho kev ua haujlwm siab ultrafiltration pilot- nplai apparatus tau siv, nrog ib qho ultrafiltration membrane module. Cov khoom siv membrane yog cov kua qaub- tiv taus ultrafiltration membrane, nrog kev tuav pov hwm raug yoog raws li kev tuav cov fibers zoo. Cov cuab yeej siv tau ob hom kev khiav hauj lwm: hla- ntws thiab tuag- kawg, ua kom muaj kev huv huv los ntawm huab cua txhuam, rov qab ntxuav, thiab ntxuav tawm tom ntej.
1.3 Kev sim txheej txheem
Hla-Flow filtration: Influent flow rate 8 m³/h, permeate flow rate 3 m³/h, concentrate recirculated back to the raw water tank for further treatment;
Tuag- kawg pom: Tus nqi ntws tawm=Permeate flow rate=3 m³/h, tsis muaj concentrated recirculation, pom cycles teem rau 1h, 2h, thiab 4h;
Cov txheej txheem ntxuav: Cua txhuam 2 min + thim rov qab 2 min + rau pem hauv ntej yaug 1 min, ntxuav lub cev kom huv, tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg.
1.4 Kev ntsuas ntsuas
Cov ntsuas ntsuas tseem ceeb yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov membrane flux, cov dej ntws zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Transmembrane siab sib txawv qhia txog qib ntawm daim nyias nyias fouling, thiab effluent clarity characterizes cov nyhuv sib cais.
2 Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb
2.1 Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas ntawm Ultrafiltration Membrane Equipment
Ultrafiltration pilot unit ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua rau 33 teev. Lub zog yog milky dawb acidic khib nyiab, thiab cov permeate tseem pom tseeb thiab pob tshab thoob plaws, ua pov thawj tias ultrafiltration membrane yog tsim rau iav fiber ntau cov dej khib nyiab thiab nthuav tawm kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
2.2 Kev ua tau zoo ntawm Hla -Flow Filtration Process
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm cross-flow filtration, transmembrane siab sib txawv nce maj mam dhau sijhawm. Tom qab kev sib pauv dej thiab daim nyias nyias rov qab, lub siab sib txawv siab rov zoo. Kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua qhia tias tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas cov membrane fouling, thiab cov permeate zoo nyob ruaj khov, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov kab ntau lawm.
Qhov zoo: Concentrate recirculation txo cov kab mob paug rau ntawm daim nyias nyias, ua kom tus nqi fouling qeeb. Nws yog haum rau loj - nplai, ntev - voj voog ntau lawm, ua kom pom kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
2.3 Kev ua tau zoo ntawm Tuag-Xaiv cov txheej txheem lim
Tuag -kawg pom lub voj voog kuaj:
1h, 2h: Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv siab sib txawv; ruaj khov ua haujlwm.
4h: Qhov tseem ceeb nce hauv transmembrane siab sib txawv; nce membrane fouling. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntxuav lub cev, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub siab rov qab sai, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim nyias nyias tsis poob qis.
Xaus: Tuag- kawg pom nrog lub voj voog tswj hauv 2h tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov cuab yeej tsim tawm tsis muaj qhov tso tawm kom pom tseeb, muaj cov qauv sib txuam ntau dua, thiab tsim nyog rau qhov me me - nplai, kev kho mob me me.
2.4 Membrane Fouling Control thiab Regeneration Performance
Ultrafiltration membrane fouling yog ib qho tshwm sim uas tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav lub cev ua ke ntawm huab cua scouring + backwashing + rau pem hauv ntej ntxuav zoo tshem tawm fiber ntau thiab colloidal deposits los ntawm daim nyias nyias, tsis muaj tshuaj residue, ua rau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau daim nyias nyias module, thiab tso cai rau ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm membrane flux thiab sib cais kev ua tau zoo, ua kom ntev - lub sij hawm ruaj khov.
2.5 Rov siv dua cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov txiaj ntsig engineering
Permeate Water Reuse: Ultrafiltration permeate tuaj yeem rov siv ncaj qha rau hauv cov kab ntau lawm cov dej ntws, ua kom cov dej ruaj khov, txhim kho cov khoom siv diaphragm zoo, thiab txuas ntxiv cov kab ntau lawm cov dej hloov pauv.
Kev txo cov pa phem thiab txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide: Cov dej khib nyiab pov tseg tau txo qis, txo cov load ntawm cov dej khib nyiab; Kev siv dej tshiab tau txo qis, txuag dej thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Ntau Lawm: Kev ncua sij hawm tsis tu ncua rau kev hloov dej yog zam, ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tas mus li ntawm cov kab ntau lawm thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom.
3. Cov txheej txheem optimization thiab engineering cov lus pom zoo
Kev xaiv txheej txheem: Hla- ntws pom tau pom zoo rau qhov loj - nplai txuas ntxiv vim nws qhov ruaj khov siab; tuag- kawg pom yog pom zoo rau me me - nplai, compact tej yaam num vim nws yooj yim ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txij nkawm.
Kev khiav hauj lwm Parameters: Tuag- kawg pom lub voj voog Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 teev; cross-flow filtration ua ke nrog lub sij hawm rov qab los ntawm kev tswj cov transmembrane siab sib txawv nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog ntau yam.
Kev tu vaj tse: Kev tu lub cev kom huv si yog ua haujlwm, tsis tas yuav muaj tshuaj lom neeg, ua rau nws tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab tus nqi qis, tsim nyog rau cov dej khib nyiab acidic.
4. Cov lus xaus
Ultrafiltration membrane tshuab tau zoo kho acidic circulating wastewater los ntawm iav fiber ntau lawm, zoo khaws cov iav microfibers thiab colloids, ua kom pom tseeb thiab raws li effluent uas tuaj yeem rov siv ncaj qha rau hauv cov kab ntau lawm.
Ob qho tib si hla - ntws pom thiab tuag- kawg pom yog tsim nyog rau qhov kev kho dej khib nyiab no. Hla -Flow filtration muaj kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua, thaum tuag-kawg pom cov khoom siv tau yooj yim dua, tso cai rau kev xaiv hloov tau raws li qhov project scale.
Lub voj voog lim Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 teev thiab ua ke lub cev ntxuav tau zoo tswj cov membrane fouling, ua kom ntev - lub sij hawm ruaj khov membrane kev ua tau zoo.
Ultrafiltration membrane reuse thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua tiav cov dej khib nyiab rov qab thiab txo qhov ntim, txhim kho cov khoom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig.
