Sludge Floating nyob rau hauv Aerobic Tank ntawm Kev Kho Dej Pov Tseg: Qhia meej meej, Teb Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev, thiab Ntev -Kev Tiv Thaiv Lub Sij Hawm
Sludge floating nyob rau hauv aerobic tso tsheb hlau luam yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua hauj lwm tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub nroog cov dej khib nyiab thiab industrial wastewater kho tshuab. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ncaj qha ua rau ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm (SS) thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov pa oxygen xav tau (COD) hauv cov dej ntws, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm raws li kev ceeb toom ncaj qha ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj kev tswj hwm xws li cov pa oxygen yaj (DO), sludge hnub nyoog, cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Ntau tus ntawm - cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas qhov chaw, thaum ntsib teeb meem sludge, dig muag nce aeration thiab indiscriminately tso tawm ntau cov sludge, uas ua rau exacerbate system imbalance thiab txawm ua rau biochemical system vau.
Raws li cov kev paub dhau los ntawm ntau pua lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab, kab lus no pib los ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sludge floating tsis ua hauj lwm thiab tsim kom muaj kev daws teeb meem: "kev txheeb xyuas meej, kev kho mob, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntev ntev." Txhua txoj hauv kev yog siv tau ncaj qha thiab hloov mus rau cov txheej txheem aerobic xws li AO / AAO / MBR / SBR, catering rau ob lub nroog cov dej khib nyiab thiab ntau yam kev kho dej khib nyiab.
I. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab cai Golden rau ntawm -Qhov chaw tuav cov teeb meem ntab sludge
(I) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim cov sludge ntab
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm ntab sludge nyob rau hauv lub tso tsheb hlau luam aerobic yog qhov txawv txav hauv lub xeev uas cov sludge flocs tsis khom ib txwm thiab ntab nrog cov dej ntws. Qhov no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi los ntawm peb lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, thiab tag nrho cov teeb meem ntab sludge tig los ntawm peb yam:
1. Huab cua npuas nkag: Sludge flocs yog adhered los ntawm gases generated thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ho txo lawv zuag qhia tag nrho ntom thiab ua rau lawv ntab.
2. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo: Cov sludge nws tus kheej coagulation thiab kev daws teeb meem yog kev puas tsuaj tag nrho, ua rau cov flocs xoob los yog tawg, ua rau cov sludge - dej sib cais ua tsis tau.
3. impurity cuam tshuam: sab nraud lub cev thiab tshuaj impurities nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, ua rau cov sludge floc qauv los yog hloov cov sludge qhov tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, hindering ib txwm nyob.
(II) Cov Ntsiab Cai Golden rau Ntawm -Site tuav
Thawj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev daws cov teeb meem sludge ntab yog thawj zaug txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog; qhov muag tsis pom kev ua haujlwm raug txwv nruj heev. Txhua qhov kev hloov kho tsis raug ua yam tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm hom ntab sludge- xws li nce aeration lossis ncaj qha tso tawm ntau cov sludge thaum pom cov sludge ntab -yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov kab ke thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thib ob. Txhua qhov kev ua yuav tsum xub txheeb xyuas hom kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd ua ob kauj ruam: "kev tswj hwm kev puas tsuaj thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev" thiab "kev kho hauv paus."
II. Plaub-Txoj Kev Them rau Kev nrawm nrawm ntawm-Qhov chaw ntawm Floating Sludge Faults
Tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej ntsuas nyuaj. Raws li tsuas yog nyob ntawm - kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov cuab yeej sim yooj yim, lub hauv paus ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov sludge faults tuaj yeem nyob hauv ib teev. Cov kauj ruam nce los ntawm qhov yooj yim mus rau qhov nyuaj, zam kev daws teeb meem tsis zoo:
1. Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Pom Kev Pom Zoo: Los ntawm kev pom qhov pom ntawm cov duab, xim, thiab impurities ntawm cov sludge ntab, ua ke nrog kev soj ntsuam tactile, hom tseem ceeb ntawm ntab sludge tuaj yeem pom thawj zaug, ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov pom tseeb physicochemical impurities.
2. Parameter Testing rau kev taw qhia: Siv DO meter los ntsuas qhov DO faib thoob plaws hauv lub tank, tsom rau thaj chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam xws li qhov kawg ntawm lub tank, cov ces kaum, thiab qhov chaw tuag. Paub meej tias puas muaj cov teeb meem tseem ceeb xws li cov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam anoxic lossis DO ntau dhau thoob plaws hauv lub tank. Tib lub sijhawm sim pH tus nqi hauv lub tank kom txiav tawm cov kua qaub-puag poob siab.
3. Sedimentation Microscopy for Root Cause Determination: Siv ib qho dej cawv sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub tank aerobic thiab ua 30-feeb sludge settling ratio (SV30). Ib txhij coj cov qauv rau kev kuaj xyuas yooj yim los ntsuas cov sludge daws qhov ua tau zoo thiab paub meej tias puas muaj cov teeb meem tseem ceeb xws li cov kab mob filamentous proliferation, sludge deflocculation, los yog xoob flocs.
4. Tag nrho- txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas los txheeb xyuas cov laj thawj: Ua ntej, xyuas qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem pretreatment thiab cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig kom paub meej tias puas muaj cov khoom tshem tawm ntau dhau, roj, tshuaj lom, lossis tsis sib xws hauv cov pa roj carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus nutrient ratio; tom qab ntawd, xyuas cov haujlwm tsis ntev los no thiab kev txij nkawm los tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv qhov tsis xws li sludge tawm, aeration, thiab rov qab piv, txiav txim siab txog tib neeg kev ua yuam kev raws li qhov ua rau; Thaum kawg, xam qhov system lub hnub nyoog sludge thiab organic load kom paub meej tias lawv tshaj qhov tsim nyog tsim ntau yam.
III. Precise Handling Solutions rau ntau hom Floating Sludge Faults
(I) Denitrification Floating Sludge (Feem ntau ntawm -site, suav txog ntau dua 70% ntawm cov tshuab denitrification)
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov txhaum
Floating sludge feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob zeb los yog flocs, nrog ntau cov pa npuas zoo txuas rau saum npoo. Maj mam rub cov sludge ntab los ntawm tes qhia pom qhov pom ntawm huab cua npuas. Tom qab cov pa npuas tso tawm, yav tas los ntab sludge flocs sai sai. Kev ua txhaum feem ntau yog nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm lub tank aerobic, nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum, qhov chaw tuag, thiab qhov chaw nkag ntawm lub tank thib ob sedimentation, nrog rau thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam uas DO yog qis dua 0.5 mg / L thiab cov kua dej nitrate nitrogen siab.
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Qhov Tseem Ceeb
Tsis txaus aeration thiab tsis txaus txaus hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm lub tank aerobic tsim anoxic / anaerobic tuag aav. Denitrifying cov kab mob hauv cov sludge txo nitrate nitrogen rau nitrogen gas, thiab cov npuas zoo no txuas ntxiv mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov sludge flocs, txo tag nrho qhov ntom ntawm cov sludge, uas nws thiaj li nqa mus rau saum npoo los ntawm cov npuas. Cov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li: kev ntsuas thiab txhaws ntawm microporous aerators, hydraulic tuag zones nyob rau hauv lub tank tsim, tsis txaus cov khoom siv propulsion, ntau dhau sludge hnub nyoog, thiab ib qho tsis raug cai nitrification cawv rov qab piv.
Emergency Loss Mitigation Plan
1. Rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj concentrated floating sludge, nruab ib ntus aeration hau los yog aeration hoses rau directional purging kom tawg li nitrogen npuas adhering rau cov sludge nto, txhawb ceev sludge daws thiab tiv thaiv floating sludge los ntawm kev poob nrog cov effluent thiab ua rau ntau ntau cov pa phem.
2. Ua ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub ntsiab aeration system, tu scaled thiab clogged microporous aeration hau kom sai tshem tawm aeration dig muag qhov muag thiab uniformly tswj tag nrho cov yaj yaj oxygen (DO) nyob rau hauv tag nrho lub tank ntawm 2-4 mg / L, kiag li tshem tawm anoxic thaj chaw nrog DO qib qis dua 1 mg / L.
3. Ua kom tag nrho cov submersible flow promoters nyob rau hauv lub tank, tsom mus rau kev txhim kho hydraulic ncig nyob rau hauv lub kawg thiab ces kaum cheeb tsam los tiv thaiv sludge los ntawm accumulating nyob rau hauv tuag zones thiab tsim ib tug anaerobic ib puag ncig. Rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa txaus txaus, cov neeg txhawb nqa mobile ib ntus tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa kom tshem tawm qhov chaw tuag.
Ntev - cov kev daws teeb meem ntev:
1. Standardize sludge paug tswj, precisely tswj sludge concentration thiab hnub nyoog raws li txheej txheem hom: MLSS rau cov pa activated sludge txheej txheem yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 3000-5000 mg/L, thiab MLSS rau MBR txheej txheem ntawm 8000-12000 mg/L; Lub hnub nyoog sludge yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog (10-15 hnub rau cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog, 8-12 hnub rau cov dej khib nyiab) kom tsis txhob muaj cov sludge khaws cia ntau dhau thiab ua rau denitrification ntau dhau.
2. optimize recirculation thiab hydraulic tsis: Rau siab heev nitrification cawv recirculation ratios, txo lawv mus rau ib tug tsim nyog ntau yam ntawm 200% -300% kom tsis txhob muaj ntau ntawm nitrate nitrogen los ntawm recirculating mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub aerobic tank; rau qhov tsis muaj zog txaus txaus txaus, tsim nyog nce lub hydraulic load kom txo tau cov sludge tuav lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub tank.
3. Kev ua kom zoo sib txawv raws li cov txheej txheem: Cov txheej txheem SBR tuaj yeem ua kom luv lub sij hawm daws teeb meem ntawm qhov kawg ntawm aeration, kho qhov kev sib tw decanting, thiab tsis txhob denitrification thaum lub sij hawm daws teeb meem; Cov txheej txheem AAO tuaj yeem ua kom zoo tshaj qhov kev tshem tawm nitrogen hauv thaj chaw anoxic, txo cov nitrate nitrogen load nkag mus rau hauv aerobic cheeb tsam, thiab txo cov tiam ntawm denitrifying sludge los ntawm qhov chaw.
(II) Sludge Bulking-Type Sludge (Tsawg Deteriorated Settling Performance, Prone to System Collapse)
Sludge bulking- hom sludge muab faib ua filamentous bulking thiab tsis yog -filamentous bulking. Ob leeg yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev poob ntawm sludge daws kev ua tau zoo, tab sis qhov ua rau thiab kev kho mob sib txawv heev, xav tau kev sib txawv meej.
1. Filamentous Bacterial Bulking ntawm Floating Sludge
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov txhaum
Cov sludge ntab feem ntau yog paj rwb-zoo li lossis plaub hau-zoo li, hnav, thiab yooj yim ntab nrog cov dej ntws. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho cov saum npoo ntawm lub tank, nrog rau qhov nce siab SV30 (feem ntau tshaj li 80%), sludge ntim Performance index (SVI) ntau tshaj 150 mL / g, thiab tsis tu ncua SS qib siab hauv cov dej ntws tawm. Cov cheeb tsam loj ntawm ntab sludge tshwm tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub tso tsheb hlau luam aerobic xwb tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm cov sedimentation tso tsheb hlau luam. Kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob filamentous (xws li * Sclerotium spp.*), suav txog ntau dua 30%.
Ua rau Core
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tsis haum rau floc- tsim cov kab mob, cov kab mob filamentous tsim kom muaj kev sib tw muaj zog, ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntau dhau. Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob filamentous entangle cov sludge flocs, ua rau cov flocs loosen thiab tag nrho lawv cov kev daws teeb meem. Cov laj thawj feem ntau muaj xws li: tsis tu ncua DO qib hauv lub tank, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg loj ntawm cov pa roj carbon, nitrogen, thiab phosphorus nutrient ratio, tam sim ntawd hloov pauv ntawm pH lossis kub, ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj lom thiab teeb meem xws li sulfides, thiab tsis tu ncua siab lossis qis organic loads.
Emergency Loss Mitigation Plan
1. Lub hom phiaj sib ntxiv ntawm flocculants rau ceev sludge compaction: xam raws li lub tank ntim tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lub tank, ntxiv 50-100 mg / L ntawm polyaluminum chloride (PAC) thiab 0.1-0.2 mg / L ntawm anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) kom compress qhov chaw nthuav dav ntawm cov kab mob filamentous, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, kev cog lus ceev ceev. thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej ntau dhau cov qauv. Xwb, aluminium sulfate lossis ferric chloride tuaj yeem siv los hloov PAC, ib txhij kho cov pH hauv lub tank rau 6.5-7.5 txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kab mob filamentous.
2. Ua kom muaj qhov tso tawm ntawm cov sludge ntau, tshem tawm cov hnub nyoog sai, nthuav cov sludge los ntawm lub cev, thiab ib txhij ntxiv nrog cov activated sludge tshiab los ntawm lwm cov kev siv tshuaj lom neeg lub tank kom sai txo qhov feem ntawm cov kab mob filamentous hauv lub cev.
3. Kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev: Yog tias cov kab mob filamentous proliferate ntau dhau (kev kuaj xyuas microscopic qhia tias muaj feem ntau tshaj 50%), cov kab mob tuaj yeem muab ntxiv tsis tu ncua los tiv thaiv lawv txoj haujlwm. Ntxiv sodium hypochlorite ntawm 5-10 mg/L lossis hydrogen peroxide ntawm 10-20 mg/L, xam raws li lub tank ntim. Qhov loj-scale ntxiv ib zaug yog nruj me ntsis txwv. Thaum lub sij hawm noj cov txheej txheem, tsis tu ncua saib xyuas sludge kev ua si thiab effluent ntsuas kom tsis txhob over-sterilization thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub flocculant system.
Ntev - cov kev daws teeb meem ntev:
1. Stabilize lub dissolved oxygen (DO) ib puag ncig hauv lub tank. Ua tib zoo ntxuav clogged aeration taub hau kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj aeration thoob plaws hauv lub tank. Ua kom ruaj khov DO theem ntawm 2-4 mg / L, tshem tawm cov cheeb tsam qis DO. Rau cov txheej txheem SBR, xyuas kom muaj qib DO tsis pub tsawg dua 2 mg / L thoob plaws hauv lub sijhawm aeration kom tshem tawm cov kev sib tw kom zoo dua ntawm cov kab mob filamentous los ntawm ib puag ncig kev xav.
2. Precisely ntxiv cov as-ham. nruj me ntsis tswj cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo raws li C: N: P piv ntawm 100: 5: 1. Ntxiv urea thiab ammonium chloride thaum nitrogen tsis txaus, thiab ntxiv sodium dihydrogen phosphate thaum phosphorus tsis txaus. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov kab mob filamentous los ntawm kev tau txais kev sib tw tseem ceeb tshaj cov kab mob flocculent vim tsis txaus nitrogen thiab phosphorus khoom noj khoom haus.
3. Txhim khu kev tswj kev poob siab: Rau qhov muaj zog nrog kev hloov pauv loj pH, nruab ib qho kev hloov kho pH tsis siv neeg hauv lub tank sib npaug kom ruaj khov pH ntawm 6.5-8.0. Rau cov sulfides muaj zog tshaj 20 mg / L, ntxiv ua ntej - kho micro- txheej txheem oxidation lossis hlau ntsev los nag kom tshem tawm sulfides. nruj me ntsis tswj cov muaj zog organic load kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov paug ntawm high-concentration organic khib nyiab ua rau lub cev poob siab.
4. Tsim cov txheej txheem ceeb toom ntxov, saib xyuas SVI qhov ntsuas txhua lub lim tiam. Yog tias SVI siab tshaj 120 mL / g, cuam tshuam tam sim los ntawm kev kho cov khoom noj khoom haus, ua kom cov sludge tawm, thiab ua kom zoo dua aeration los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem loj ntawm qhov tsis zoo.
2. Tsis yog -filamentous Bulking Sludge
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov txhaum
Cov sludge yog nkig, tsis muaj cov plaub hau pom tau -zoo li cov qauv, nrog rau qhov nce siab SV30, turbid supernatant, thiab cov sludge tag nrho tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov flocs tuab. Ib txhij, SVI tshaj 200 mL / g; microscopic kuaj pom tsuas yog floc- tsim cov kab mob, tsis muaj cov kab mob filamentous proliferation. Thaum cov sludge crushed, tsis muaj cua npuas los yog filamentous qauv raug soj ntsuam. Qhov no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab xws li tshuaj lom neeg zoo thiab kev lag luam ua zaub mov.
Ua rau Core
Cov floc- cov kab mob tsim muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov txawv txav ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv metabolic thiab tsis muaj peev xwm zais cov khoom siv polymers ib txwm muaj. Qhov no ua rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm sludge flocs kom sib sau thiab tsim, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev ua haujlwm. Tej yam tshwm sim muaj xws li: hnyav nitrogen thiab phosphorus nutrient imbalance, siab salinity los yog tshuaj lom neeg poob siab nyob rau hauv influent, sudden pH hloov, thiab ntau heev organic load.
Targeted Treatment Solutions
1. Precisely ntxiv cov as-ham. Tsis yog - cov kab mob filamentous bulking feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus nitrogen thiab phosphorus. Kev ua kom txaus txaus yog yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev nruj C: N: P piv ntawm 100: 5: 1. Cov tshuaj phosphorus tuaj yeem tsim nyog nce ntxiv (20% siab dua tus nqi tsim). Phosphorus yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tsim floc thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho sludge looseness sai.
2. Txo cov tshuaj toxicity poob siab: Yog tias tag nrho cov ntsev cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov muaj zog tshaj 3000 mg / L, los yog muaj cov hlau hnyav, phenols, los yog lwm yam tshuaj lom, lub ntim muaj zog yuav tsum tau txo tam sim ntawd. Dilute cov dej khib nyiab hauv lub tank nrog cov dej huv los yog cov khoom siv roj ntsha kom txo tau cov ntsev thiab cov tshuaj toxicity concentration. Ib txhij ntxiv dag zog rau cov txheej txheem pretreatment kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj lom neeg ua tau raws li cov qauv ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob lom.
3. Ntxiv cov coagulant pab txhim kho sludge coagulation. Calculate the dosage of PAC according to the tank volume. 80-150 mg/L, or 50-100 mg/L of diatomaceous earth, provides nuclei for sludge floc formation, promoting the aggregation of loose bacterial flocs into dense flocs, rapidly improving settling performance;
4. Stabilize lub pH ib puag ncig nyob rau hauv lub tank, nruj me ntsis tswj pH ntawm lub aerobic tank nyob rau hauv lub optimum metabolic ntau yam ntawm 6.5-7.8 rau cov kab mob flocs. Yog tias pH acidic dhau lawm, ntxiv sodium hydroxide lossis calcium hydroxide los kho; Yog tias pH yog alkaline dhau lawm, ntxiv sulfuric acid lossis hydrochloric acid los kho. Sudden nce lossis txo qis hauv pH raug txwv nruj, vim lawv tuaj yeem ua rau microbial deflocculation.
(III) Abnormal Sludge Metabolism thiab Floating Sludge (Aging/Peroxidation-Induced Deflocculation and Floating)
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov txhaum
Cov sludge ntab feem ntau yog daj ntseg daj lossis greyish -dawb, zoo fragmented, tsis muaj huab cua npuas txuas, thiab tsis nplaum. Cov sludge ntab saum npoo ntawm lub tank feem ntau yog muab tshuaj txhuam, yooj yim tawg ntawm tes. Lub supernatant yog turbid thiab muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm nplua suspended hais. Qhov no yog nrog los ntawm kev pheej hmoo siab DO (tshaj 4 mg / L), qis MLSS, thiab sludge hnub nyoog deb tshaj tus nqi tsim. Kev ntsuam xyuas microscopic qhia tau tias muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm tsawg ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob lom nrog cov organic load tsawg, ntev - lub sij hawm tsis muaj sludge tawm, thiab ntau aeration.
Core ua rau tawg
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: Ua ntej, sludge aging. Ntev tsis muaj cov sludge tawm ua rau cov sludge qub dhau, ua rau cov kab mob nkag mus rau lub sijhawm poob, ua rau tus kheej - tawg, floc tawg, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Thib ob, sludge peroxidation. Cov aeration ntau dhau ua rau muaj cov pa oxygen (DO) tsis tu ncua siab tshaj 4 mg / L hauv lub tank, ua rau cov kab mob ua rau lawv tus kheej -oxidation vim dhau- aeration, ua rau floc disintegration thiab sludge deflocculation. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam cov organic loading tawm cov sludge nyob rau hauv lub xeev "tuag tshaib plab", exacerbating ob qho tib si laus thiab peroxidation teeb meem.
Targeted Treatment Plan
1. Rau sludge aging: Tam sim ntawd thiab ho nce qhov paug ntawm cov sludge ntau heev kom sai rov qab cov sludge hnub nyoog mus rau ntau yam tsim. Yog tias MLSS qis dua 2000 mg / L, ib txhij ntxiv cov sludge tshiab los ua kom cov sludge concentration thiab tag nrho cov dej num hauv lub tank.
2. Rau sludge peroxidation: Tam sim ntawd txo tus nqi aeration ntawm lub tshuab kom stabilize DO nyob rau hauv lub tank nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog ntau yam (2-4 mg / L rau cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog, 1.5-3 mg / L rau cov dej khib nyiab). Cov txheej txheem SBR tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv aeration hom kom tsis txhob muaj kev tawm dag zog ntau ntxiv. Yog tias muaj ntau lub taub hau aeration, qee lub taub hau aeration tuaj yeem sib npaug sib npaug kom tsis txhob muaj kev siv aeration ntau dhau hauv qee qhov chaw.
3. Ntxiv cov organic load los txhim kho lub xeev "dhuav" ntawm sludge: Yog tias lub zog COD tsis tu ncua qis dua 200 mg / L, cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov pa roj carbon xws li sodium acetate, qabzib, thiab cov khoom pov tseg cov suab thaj tuaj yeem ntxiv kom ruaj khov cov organic load hauv lub tank aerobic ntawm 0.2-0.5 kg COD / (kgs) txaus rau cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog cev (SS) tiv thaiv microbial deflocculation vim kev sib nrig sib noj.
(IV) Lub cev thiab tshuaj impurities cuam tshuam nrog sludge settling (sab nraud impurities cuam tshuam lub sludge settling system)
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov yuam kev:
Cov xuab zeb hais, roj zaj duab xis, los yog cov impurities dub yog pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab nyob rau hauv cov sludge, nrog rau ib tug txawv oily los yog av nkos tsw. Qee qhov sludge yog ncuav. Ib txhij, ntau cov sludge thiab oily sludge accumulates nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tank. Aeration taub hau thiab ntws txhawb tau yooj yim clogged los ntawm impurities. Cov khib nyiab pov tseg thiab roj cov ntsiab lus hauv cov dej ntws los ntawm cov txheej txheem pretreatment hnyav dhau cov qauv. Qhov no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam petrochemical, kev ua zaub mov, thiab kev lag luam slaughtering.
Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb:
Cov khib nyiab ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj cov roj emulsified / ntab roj, thiab ntau cov sludge inert tsis tshem tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem pretreatment ua rau sludge flocs raug coated nrog sludge flocs thiab roj films adhering rau sludge nto thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub aerobic tank. Qhov no ua rau cov sludge tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, ua rau cov sludge ntab thiab tiv thaiv ib txwm nyob, thaum kawg tsim sludge.
Targeted Treatment Plan
1. Kev tshem tawm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm cov impurities los ntawm qhov system: Siv lub twj tso kua mis sludge tshem tawm tag nrho cov roj ntab thiab cov sludge los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tank aerobic, nrog rau cov av xuab zeb thiab cov roj sludge nyob rau hauv qab, kom tsis txhob impurities tsis tu ncua cuam tshuam nrog sludge nyob. Yog tias cov roj zaj duab xis paug hnyav, ntxiv 10-20 mg / L ntawm demulsifier raws li lub tank ntim, ua ke nrog PAC txhawm rau txhim kho demulsification. Tom qab sib cais roj-sludge, tshem tawm tam sim ntawd ntawm lub system.
2. Kev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Pretreatment los Tswj Cov Khoom Siv Los Ntawm Qhov Chaw: Tam sim ntawd tshuaj xyuas cov khoom ua ntej xws li cov ntxaij vab tshaus, grit chambers, thiab flotation/coagulation sedimentation tanks. Ntxuav lub vijtsam residue tam sim ntawd, txhim kho qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm grit chamber, thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub flotation tank kom ntseeg tau tias cov khib nyiab tshem tawm (SS) nyob rau hauv cov effluent pretreated tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 50 mg / L thiab cov roj cov ntsiab lus yog tsawg dua los yog sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, 5 mg / L. qhov system.
3. Tsim kom muaj ib lub tshuab ntxuav tu thiab tu tsis tu ncua
Rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam aerobic siv rau cov dej khib nyiab uas ua rau cov impurities, lawv yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg thiab ntxuav txhua txhua 3-6 lub hlis kom huv si tshem cov av thiab cov roj hauv qab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tshawb xyuas lub taub hau aeration thiab ntws txhawb rau kev thaiv lossis kev puas tsuaj, thiab tswj lossis hloov lawv sai sai kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej ntws zoo hauv lub cev.
IV. Ntev -Lub Sijhawm Tiv Thaiv thiab Tswj Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm rau Floating Sludge Failures
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj cov dej ntws tsis ua haujlwm yog "kev tiv thaiv zoo dua li kev kho." Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub thiab kev tswj xyuas kev tswj xyuas, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo, tswj tau cov dej tsis huv, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo microbial tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ntau dua 90% ntawm cov dej ntws tsis ua haujlwm. Lub hauv paus tiv thaiv thiab tswj qhov system muaj plaub modules:
1. Standardized Txhua Hnub Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas: Tsim cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab kev saib xyuas, nruj me ntsis tswj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tub ntxhais kev ua haujlwm, thiab nruj me ntsis tswj DO, pH, MLSS, thiab sludge hnub nyoog raws li tus txheej txheem tsim qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv loj; saib xyuas MLSS thiab SV30 txhua hnub, thiab kho kom raug cov sludge tawm ntim raws li cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam kom tsis txhob muaj lub sijhawm ntev yam tsis muaj sludge tawm los yog loj heev - nplai sludge paug; nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub hloov pauv rau lub tshuab nqus cua thiab rov qab twj tso kua mis zaus, ntxuav lub tshuab aeration txhua 1-3 lub hlis, thiab tsis tu ncua xyuas cov txheej txheem kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom siv propulsion kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib haum xeeb, kev sib tw, thiab tsis muaj qhov chaw tuag lossis qhov muag tsis pom kev . 2. Ua ntej- kho kom zoo ntawm kev tswj xyuas dej kom zoo: cov txheej txheem pretreatment, thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom raug tshem tawm, roj, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov dej ua ntej ua kom tau raws li cov qauv ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv kev kho mob lom; Cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub tank sib npaug nrog lub sijhawm tuav hydraulic (HRT) tsis pub tsawg tshaj 8 teev kom tsis txhob muaj qhov hloov pauv hauv cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis, thiab tiv thaiv cov dej khib nyiab siab thiab muaj kuab lom los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev kho kab mob lom.
3. Cov txheej txheem ceeb toom ntxov rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo: Tsim kom muaj kev saib xyuas niaj hnub, saib xyuas cov cim tseem ceeb xws li SV30, MLSS, DO, thiab pH txhua hnub, thiab ua sludge microscopic kuaj thiab SVI kuaj txhua lub lim tiam. Yog tias SVI tshaj 120 mL / g, cuam tshuam thiab kho tam sim; xam cov hnub nyoog sludge thiab cov organic load txhua hli kom pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis sib xws thiab tiv thaiv me me los ntawm kev loj hlob mus rau hauv cov sludge malfunctions.
4. Kev Npaj Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Rau cov xwm txheej tsis tau xav txog xws li kev hloov pauv sai ntawm cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem kev teb xwm txheej ceev tau tsim. Cov txheej txheem no qhia meej meej txog kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau kev kho cov dej ntws tawm, ntxiv cov tshuaj, thiab tswj cov sludge tawm. Cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv thaum muaj xwm ceev tau khaws cia ua ntej txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub cev tawg vim qhov xwm txheej tsis tau pom dua.
Cov ntsiab lus
Aerobic tank sludge buildup tsis yog ib qho yooj yim nto- theem teeb meem; es, nws yog ib qho kev tshwm sim sab nraud ntawm qhov tsis sib xws hauv ntau qhov ntev ntawm cov kab mob lom, nrog rau cov dej zoo, khoom siv, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm microbial. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws qhov teeb meem no yog ib txwm: ua ntej, txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov laj thawj los ntawm kev tshawb xyuas tus qauv; thib ob, ceev nrooj nres qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab tiv thaiv cov dej ntws los ntawm cov txheej txheem dhau los ntawm kev ntsuas kub ceev; thiab thaum kawg, tshem tawm qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev ntsuas cov phiaj xwm, thaum tib lub sijhawm tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntev thiab kev tswj xyuas kom tsis txhob rov tshwm sim dua.
Nyob rau hauv - chaw ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas, qhov feem ntau denitrification sludge buildup tuaj yeem daws tau sai los ntawm kev txhim kho aeration, tshem tawm qhov chaw tuag, thiab ua qauv sludge tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, sludge bulking-cov teeb meem cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau hloov kho ib txhij nyob rau ntau qhov ntev, suav nrog ib puag ncig, khoom noj khoom haus, thiab dej zoo, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov tshwm sim dua. Tom qab txhua qhov kev ua txhaum raug daws lawm, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias lub sijhawm ntev - kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov kab mob lom.