Thaum lub transmembrane siab (TMP) nce sai thiab tu ncua luv luv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim no feem ntau yog liam rau daim nyias nyias. Txawm li cas los xij, daim nyias nyias tsuas yog qhov kawg interface uas fouling manifests; Cov kab mob kis thoob plaws hauv kev kho ua ntej, sib xyaw cawv, thiab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ua ntej thaum kawg clogging daim nyias nyias.
Mixed cawv yam ntxwv · Operational Flux
Aeration Hydraulics · Ntxuav Parameters
I. Ua ntej, txheeb xyuas hom Kev Tiv Thaiv
MBR kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov fouling thim rov qab, fouling xav tau kev saib xyuas tu kom tshem tawm, thiab ntev -lub sij hawm khaws cov fouling irreversible. Loose sludge ncuav mog qab zib ntawm daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm ncua kev nqus, aeration scouring, lossis rov qab ntxuav; conversely, organic adsorption, pore clogging, thiab inorganic scaling yuav tsum tau tsom tshuaj ntxuav.
Yog hais tias flux rov qab ploj zuj zus tom qab txhua lub voj voog tu, lossis yog tias kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo sai tom qab rov qab los, qhov teeb meem txuas ntxiv mus dhau ib ntus sludge tsub zuj zuj ntawm daim nyias nyias. Kev ntxuav tshem tawm cov tsos mob ib ntus tab sis tsis tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv qab uas ua rau fouling.
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab cov khoom siv dag zog: lub siab sensor drift, permeate flow meter inaccuracies, fluctuations nyob rau hauv membrane tank kua theem, thiab txawv txav valve raws li txoj cai yuav tag nrho cov tsim ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug sai zuj zus nyob rau hauv TMP los yog permeability.
Diagnostic Pib Point|Tsom ntsoov rau qhov loj ntawm kev rov qab los thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau tswj xyuas tom qab ntxuav, tsis yog TMP nkaus xwb rau hnub ntxuav.
II. Feem ntau Membrane Fouling Originates nyob rau hauv Mixed cawv
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), soluble microbial khoom (SMP), colloids, thiab cov khoom zoo nyob rau hauv cov dej cawv sib xyaw tau yooj yim tsim cov txheej nplaum los yog nkag mus rau daim nyias nyias. Cov roj muaj roj, surfactants, siab salinity, thiab recalcitrant organics hloov floc qauv thiab viscosity; Lub sijhawm no, kev hloov pauv sai sai, cov kab mob anoxic, cov khoom noj tsis txaus, lossis cov sludge laus tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob tso tawm ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom nplaum.
High Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) concentration tsis tas yuav ua rau daim nyias nyias clogging; Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj viscosity siab, nplua flocs, tsis muaj kev sib haum xeeb, thiab cov khoom nplaum nplaum sib koom ua ke, kev hloov pauv loj ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm huab cua - dej scouring raug cuam tshuam. Thaum lub tank membrane qhia qhov kawg tshwm sim ntawm fouling, lub hauv paus ua rau feem ntau tshwm sim hauv biochemical tank.
III. Ntau aeration tsis tas txhais tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau dua
Membrane scouring aeration yog npaj rau agitate membrane fibers thiab cuam tshuam cov sludge ncuav mog qab zib txheej; Txawm li cas los xij, nws txoj kev ua tau zoo nyob ntawm cov huab cua tsis sib xws, txoj hauv kev ua npuas, kev teeb tsa membrane, thiab cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke. Yog tias cov kav dej aeration tau txhaws los yog cov dej ntws hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwm sim, cov kab mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txawm tias tag nrho cov cua ntws zoo li txaus.
Indiscriminately nce airflow tsis tsuas yog nkim lub zog tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem tawg flocs, tsim cov khoom zoo thiab cov tshuaj soluble uas ua rau lub qhov txhab txhaws thiab adhesion. Hloov chaw tsuas yog ua kom lub tshuab ua kom siab tshaj plaws, ib qho yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas cov ceg airflow, siab, aerator condition, thiab membrane tank ncig kom ntseeg tau tias huab cua zoo - dej shear.
IV. Flux thiab suction/pause cycles txiav txim siab seb lub membrane puas tau txais txoj hauv kev rov qab los
Tsim flux tsis yog tus nqi ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis tu ncua raws li txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm. Kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb txwv tsis pub hloov pauv thaum tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, kev hloov pauv sai ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nce cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke, lossis ua rau cov dej tsis zoo hauv lub tank membrane. Kev nqus dej txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no yuav ua rau Transmembrane Pressure (TMP) nce nrawm.
Tsim nyog nqus / ncua lub voj voog, ua haujlwm ua haujlwm, thiab ncov shaving tso cai xoob fouling txheej yuav raug tshem tawm thaum lub sijhawm ncua thiab aeration. Kev soj ntsuam yuav tsum suav nrog qhov kub thiab txias - kho cov membrane flux, tus nqi ntawm TMP nce, permeate ntau lawm, thiab tu zaus. Tus nqi ntawm TMP deteriorates txhua hnub yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov tseeb TMP tus nqi ntawm ib hnub twg.
V. Vim li cas kev ntxuav tu tej zaum yuav poob thaum lub sij hawm
Cov tshuaj ntxuav tu yuav tsum tau sib phim rau hom fouling tshwj xeeb. Organic fouling, biological slime, thiab inorganic scaling xav tau cov tshuaj sib txawv; Kev ua tau zoo yog cuam tshuam los ntawm kev xav tau, pH, qhov kub thiab txias, lub sijhawm sib cuag, thiab qhov degradation ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag. Txawm hais tias muaj cov kev daws teeb meem ntau heev, cov txiaj ntsig yuav tsis pom zoo yog tias cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag thaj chaw fouled -piv txwv li, vim yog cov ntaub qhwv fiber ntau los yog cov sludge hnyav.
Kev tu ntau dhau los yog kev nruj heev tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv tawv nqaij ua kom cov tawv nqaij laus thiab ua rau cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, thaum tseem ua rau poob qis thiab siv tshuaj lom neeg. Kev rov qab los ntawm normalized permeability ua ntej thiab tom qab txhua qhov tu yuav tsum tau sau tseg; cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau siv los txiav txim seb puas muaj kev tu vaj tu tsev lossis kev tu vaj tse puas txaus, lossis yog tias yuav tsum tau muaj kev kuaj xyuas kab.
Cov kab hauv qab rau kev tu: Ua ntej txheeb xyuas seb qhov fouling feem ntau yog cov organic, inorganic, los yog sludge - ncuav mog qab zib, ces xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav kom tsim nyog thiab siv zog. 6. Ua raws li qhov kev daws teeb meem no kom tsis txhob siv dag zog
Pib los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov cuab yeej thiab kev suav: txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm TMP, qib ua kua, ntws tus nqi, thiab ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub. Tom ntej no, tshuaj xyuas cov haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm: qhov tseeb flux, pom / so lub voj voog, thiab lub sijhawm rov qab los thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm siab. Tom qab ntawd, tshawb xyuas cov hydraulics ntawm lub membrane tank: xyuas qhov tsis sib xws aeration, membrane fiber ntau entanglement, thiab cov chaw tuag hauv cov sludge ncig.
Tom qab ntawd, tig koj lub ntsej muag rau cov txheej txheem biochemical thiab pretreatment: ntsuas MLSS, viscosity, floc loj, EPS / SMP ntsuas, thiab muaj roj, fibers, nplua xuab zeb, cov tshuaj seem, lossis cov khoom poob siab. Thaum kawg, soj ntsuam cov membrane module kev ncaj ncees, irreversible fouling, thiab seem kev pab cuam lub neej. Los ntawm kev ua raws li qhov tseeb ua ntu zus- txav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hydraulics, thiab los ntawm cov dej cawv sib xyaw rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm nws tus kheej- koj tsis txhob muaj qhov xwm txheej uas kev ntxuav ua lub voj voog ntawm "kev tua hluav taws."
Xaus
Thaum MBR qhov system ua rau txhaws ntxiv txawm tias rov ua dua tshiab, qhov teeb meem tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lawv tus kheej; es, tus nqi ntawm fouling tsub zuj zuj yog tsis tu ncua outpacing tus nqi ntawm rov qab ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxuav. Lub membrane nto tsuas yog ua raws li lub vijtsam zaub rau cov teeb meem hauv qab. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov dej ntws tawm, aeration, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cawv sib xyaw, kev kho ua ntej, thiab kev ntxuav cov ntaub ntawv ua ke tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb tswj cov ntsiab lus uas xav tau los hloov lub kaw lus los ntawm lub xeev ntawm kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev rov qab mus rau kev kwv yees, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
