Anaerobic digesters (ib lo lus dav dav rau anaerobic reactors xws li UASB, IC, thiab EGSB) tso siab rau cov kab mob anaerobic (methanogens thiab acidifiers) kom decompose organic teeb meem hauv cov dej khib nyiab hauv cov pa oxygen - ib puag ncig dawb. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev kho siab - cov dej khib nyiab.
I. Core Functions
1. Degrading High-Concentration COD, Qhov Tseem Ceeb txo cov pa phem: Siab- cov dej khib nyiab organic los ntawm cov chaw tua tsiaj, cov chaw ua zaub mov, breweries, cov tsiaj txhu ua liaj ua teb, thiab cov chaw ua noj ua haus feem ntau muaj COD muaj zog ntawm kaum tawm txhiab mg/L. Cov organic molecules loj tau txais peb - cov tshuaj tiv thaiv anaerobic:
1) Hydrolysis thiab Acidification: Cov organic molecules loj tawg ua cov organic acids me me;
2) Hydrogen thiab acetic acid ntau lawm;
3) Methanogenesis: acetic acid hloov mus rau methane (biogas). Hauv dyeing, printing, thiab tshuaj industries, lub anaerobic theem yuav tshem tawm 60% -85% ntawm COD los ntawm siab -concentration dej khib nyiab, txo cov tom ntej aerobic biochemical load thiab txuag aeration zog.
2. Kev tshem tawm cov sulfate thiab qee cov Ammonia Nitrogen (me me)
Sulfate hauv dej khib nyiab yog txo kom hydrogen sulfide los ntawm sulfate- txo cov kab mob; Organic nitrogen undergoes ammonification, hloov nws mus rau ammonia nitrogen. Cov txheej txheem anaerobic tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm nitrogen, yog li tag nrho cov nitrogen tseem tseem tsis tau hloov pauv, tab sis ammonia nitrogen theem yuav nce ntxiv, yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem nitrification thiab denitrification.
3. Sludge Txo thiab Biogas Resource Recovery
Cov txheej txheem anaerobic tsim cov sludge tsawg dua li cov txheej txheem aerobic; nws tsim biogas (50% -70% methane cov ntsiab lus), uas tuaj yeem hlawv rau lub zog tsim hluav taws xob thiab cua sov, ua tiav lub zog rov qab.
4. Txhim kho cov dej khib nyiab Biodegradability
Qee qhov recalcitrant macromolecular organic teeb meem dhau los ntawm hydrolysis thiab acidification, ua rau cov saw hlau sib tsoo thiab txhim kho B / C piv, ua rau kev kho mob zoo dua hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam aerobic tom ntej.
II. Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem Kev Ua Haujlwm hauv Anaerobic Digester
Cov dej khib nyiab: Equalization Tank → Anaerobic Digester → Anoxic Tank → Aerobic Tank → Secondary Settling Tank
1. Lub anaerobic digester tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm cov organic paug nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej kawg, txo cov load;
2. Lub tank aerobic tob tshem tawm cov seem COD thiab ib txhij tshem tawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm nitrification;
3. Cov theem anaerobic tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tiav tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm; tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm cia siab rau tom qab anoxic denitrification.
III. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau Ntawm -Site Operation
1. nruj me ntsis tswj cov pa oxygen (DO); lub tank yuav tsum tsis muaj oxygen, vim qhov no yuav inhibit cov kab mob methanogenic;
2. Tswj cov pH influent rau 6.5–7.8; acidification ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm VFA thiab lub cev qhuav dej;
3. Haum kub: nyob ib ncig ntawm 35℃(mesotropic); qhov kub thiab txias yuav txo qis kev kho mob;
4. Cov tshuaj tsw qab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov sulfides loj, cov hlau hnyav, lossis cov tshuaj tua kab mob, vim tias cov no yuav ua rau cov kab mob phem.
Anaerobic digesters yog qhov tseem ceeb "cov chaw kho mob tseem ceeb" rau cov dej khib nyiab, tshwj xeeb tsim los ua cov txheej txheem siab ntawm cov pa phem, tsim cov roj ntsha biogas, thiab txo cov siab ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam aerobic; Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm tag nrho cov nitrogen los yog phosphorus thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov kawg nkaus - ntawm - kev kho cov yeeb nkab.