I. Filamentous Bulking yog dab tsi?
Thaum qhib cov sludge muaj kev daws teeb meem zoo, nws qhov SVI (Tus Kheej -Containing Viscosity Index) tus nqi yog kwv yees li 50-150. Thaum SVI> 200 thiab nce ntxiv, nws yog hu ua sludge bulking. Cov kab mob filamentous feem ntau muaj nyob hauv cov kab mob activated sludge. Lawv ua raws li lub moj khaum ntawm flocs, txuas ntau lab tus kab mob ua ke los tsim flocs, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb txhawb rau adsorption ntawm cov organic teeb meem. Thaum cov kab mob filamentous proliferate ntau dhau lawm, cov qauv ntawm cov flocs raug rhuav tshem, tsim ntau cov flocs xoob uas ntab saum npoo dej thiab nyuaj rau kev daws teeb meem. Qhov no yog filamentous bulking. Kev txheeb xyuas qhia tau tias ntau dua 90% ntawm cov sludge bulking yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob filamentous ntau dhau.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob: Slow SV30 teeb tsa, xoob activated sludge floc qauv, SVI> 200, thiab elevated effluent SS (suspended solids).
II. Tsib Qhov Tseem Ceeb Ua rau Filamentous Bulking
1. Tsawg Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias thaum DO poob qis dua 0.2-0.3 mg / L, feem ntau cov kab mob aerobic tseem ceeb tsis ua pa, thaum qee cov kab mob aerobic (feem ntau cov kab mob filamentous) tseem yuav vam meej thiab ua rau lub cev, ua rau sludge bulking.
2. Siab Load
Thaum cov organic teeb meem muaj zog dheev siab tshaj qhov qub load, floc- tsim cov kab mob nyiam siv cov organic teeb meem vim lawv cov metabolism sai. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej siab, cov kab mob filamentous kuj tuaj yeem siv lub sijhawm kom loj hlob sai, ua rau sludge bulking.
3. Kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus
Qhov feem ntau cov as-ham uas yuav tsum tau rau cov kab mob loj hlob yog BOD₅ : N : P=100 : 5 : 1. Thaum cov ntsiab lus phosphorus tsis txaus thiab C / N piv yog siab, cov khoom noj khoom haus no yeej tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob filamentous. Ib tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob filamentous yog lawv qhov tsim nyog rau qhov siab C / N piv, cov khoom noj tsis tshua muaj, thiab cov xwm txheej siab.
4. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm dej kub thiab pH
Qhov kub siab tshaj 35℃lossis pH uas qis dhau tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob filamentous loj hlob tuaj.
5. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam ua tiav, vim lawv cov sludge load, cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab cov pa oxygen (DO), thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov, feem ntau ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob filamentous. Hauv qhov sib piv, ntsaws- cov reactors ntws, nrog rau lawv cov substrate concentration gradients, yog qhov zoo dua rau kev sib tw ntawm cov kab mob flocs thiab cov kab mob.
III. Kev daws teeb meem
1. Kev hloov ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo
Dissolved Oxygen Control
Ua kom tus nqi aeration kom tswj tau DO hauv thaj chaw aerobic ntawm 2-4 mg / L, inhibiting qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob filamentous.
Tswj Sludge Hnub nyoog
Tuav lub hnub nyoog tsim nyog sludge (piv txwv li, 8-15 hnub) kom tsis txhob muaj cov sludge ntev ntev uas ua rau muaj kev thauj khoom tsawg.
Kho cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig
Ntxiv nitrogen thiab phosphorus chiv los kho BOD₅: N: P piv rau 100: 5: 1.
2. Ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob
Ntxiv ntawm Bactericides
Kev tsim nyog ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob bactericides tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob filamentous. Piv txwv li, bleaching hmoov yuav tsum tau ntxiv ntawm qhov ntau npaum ntawm 0.3% -0.8% ntawm sludge concentration.
Ntxiv txiv qaub
Qhov no yog tsim rau bulking tshwm sim los ntawm cov pH tsawg heev, tsa tus nqi pH thiab tswj nws ntawm 8.5 thiab 9.
Ntxiv flocculants
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm bulking hnyav, hlau los yog txhuas ntsev tuaj yeem ntxiv rau kev quab yuam flocculation; qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev.
IV. Cov ntsiab lus
Filamentous bulking tsis yog tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, tab sis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev tsis zoo. Es tsis txhob scrambling tom qab bulking tshwm sim, nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm flocs thiab cov kab mob filamentous. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob filamentous tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tag nrho; lawv kuj ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev kho cov dej khib nyiab recalcitrant. Lub xeev kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws yog kom tswj tau lawv lub xub ntiag yam tsis muaj kev tso cai rau lawv los tswj tsis tau.