1. Txhuas ntsev
Txhuas ntsev, nrog cov txhuas ions ua lawv cov tub ntxhais, yog cov npe hu ua polyaluminum chloride (PAC), nrog rau cov qauv dav dav [Al₂(OH)nCl6-n]m. Hydrolysis ua rau txhuas hydroxide colloids, uas adsorb colloidal hais nyob rau hauv dej los ntawm tus nqi neutralization thiab bridging, tsim loj, lub teeb, dawb flocs. Cov flocs no maj mam tab sis loj, haum rau cov dej khib nyiab tsawg, nrog kev ua haujlwm pH ntawm 3.5 ~ 5.0.
2. Hlau ntsev
Hlau ntsev, nrog cov hlau ions raws li lawv cov tub ntxhais, yog cov npe hu ua polyferric sulfate (PFS), nrog cov mis molecular [Fe(OH)(SO4¯)₃-n / ₂]m. Hydrolysis tsim ferric hydroxide colloids, uas tsim cov flocs ntom ntom thiab khom sai. Haum rau siab - dej turbidity thiab qis - qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig nrog pH ntawm 2.0 ~ 3.0.
3. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib piv
Ob leeg ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm no ua raws li flocculators hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab thiab yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog siab -molecular- hnyav polyacrylamide (PAM) kom txo qis hauv dej, ua kom ruaj khov ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem dej tom ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj tshuaj tsis raug tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rov qab osmosis membrane ua haujlwm. Cov teebmeem me me muaj xws li membrane fouling, nquag tshuaj ntxuav, txo desalination tus nqi, thiab luv luv membrane lifespan. Cov teebmeem hnyav muaj xws li kev puas tsuaj rau daim nyias nyias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm cov ntsev hlau, uas tsim cov hydroxyl radicals uas oxidize thiab ua puas rau cov txheej txheej polyamide ntawm qhov rov qab osmosis membrane. Colloidal ferric hydroxide nkag mus rau hauv lub mesh, ua rau irreversible fouling thiab yuav tsum tau hloov lub membrane caij, nce dej kho cov nqi khiav hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv peb lub tuam txhab, siab heev - qhov sib ntxiv ntawm polyaluminum chloride ua rau nquag siv tshuaj ntxuav ntawm lub rov qab osmosis membrane, uas ua rau desalination tus nqi qis li 40%.
1) Lub membrane pom cov tsos mob ntawm yellowing thiab xav tias dissolution ntawm nonwoven ntaub.
2) Cov kab mob tau pom nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij tom qab kev txiav tawm ntawm cov txheej membrane; Raws li lub zog dispersive spectroscopy thiab infrared spectroscopy tau tshwm sim, cov kab mob yog tsuas yog silica thiab me me ntawm txhuas thiab magnesium compounds.
3.1 Chloride Ion Taw Qhia: Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) muaj cov tshuaj chloride ions (27%), uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kab mob microbial; polyferric sulfate (PFS) muaj<1% chloride ions.
3.2 Heavy Hlau Residue: Cov ntsiab lus hlau hnyav ntawm polyferric sulfate feem ntau qis dua li cov tshuaj ntsev hlau FeCl₃.
3.3 Cov Nqi Ua Haujlwm: Cov nqi khiav haujlwm ntawm polyaluminium chloride yog 10-20% siab dua li cov polyferric sulfate.
