Cov lus qhia: Ob daim ntawv qhia yav dhau los qhia lub hauv paus chiv keeb, microbial hauv zej zog, thiab kev loj hlob ib puag ncig ntawm kev ua kom qis zog, tab sis nws zoo li peb tsis tau tiav lawm. Tseem muaj ntau heev los npog txog kev ua kom sludge, yog li cia peb txuas ntxiv! Tom qab tag nrho, kuv lub "dej polling tswj kev tswj engineering" ua rau ib tshooj los ua kom tiav. Ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm cog qoob loo ntawm biochemical sludge nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag wastewater kev kho cov nroj tsuag. Ntawm no, Kuv xav txheeb xyuas cov hauv qab no los daws cov teeb meem no.
01 Cov teeb meem loj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm sludge
Feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem lim dej siv roj ntsha, thiab cov txheej txheem nquag siv nyob rau hauv cov no yog cov txheej txheem "qhib sludge." Commissioning antudge inevitably ntsib qee yam teeb meem. Qee cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim qauv sib nrug, thaum lwm tus tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm tsis txaus sludge furgation thiab acclimatization. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov customorly raws li hauv qab no:
Cov pa muaj kuab muaj teeb meem:
Regarding water quality exceeding standards, the most common pollutants to exceed limits are COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen. Phosphorus thiab SS muaj qhov tshwm sim qis heev ntawm cov qauv. Yog tias kev kho mob roj ntsha tsis txaus, kev kho mob physicochemical tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Ntev npaum li cas yog kev sib cais thiab cov txheej txheem sedimentation yog suav nrog cov txheej txheem kev kho mob, cov theem phosphorus feem ntau yuav tsis tshaj qhov txwv.
Tus lej tshaj tus qauv yog vim muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov kuab paug thiab cov pa hluav taws xob loj dua rau kev kho mob, yog li xav tau cov pa dej tshwj xeeb tsis muaj teeb meem no). Cov kab mob me me muaj cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb; Qee hom microrganisms muaj cov khoom noj uas nyiam. Piv txwv li, cov kab mob cellulolytic ua rau muaj kev hlub ntawm cellulose thiab tsis nyiam lwm cov zaub mov, thiab tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lwm txoj kev ib puag ncig. Ntawm chav kawm, kuj tseem muaj cov kab mob sib kis uas yuav lees txais cov zaub mov zoo li cov piam thaj, hmoov av, cawv, thiab haus cawv thiab yooj yim. Qhov no zoo ib yam li feem ntau cov neeg nyiam nqaij nqaij nqaij qaib, os, nqaij ntses, tab sis yuav tsis muaj peev xwm noj ib qho khoom muaj nqis ntawm lub teb chaws "Panda" tuaj yeem daws cov haujlwm ntawd.
Qhov teeb meem ntawm ntau ammonia nitrogen thiab tag nrho cov nitrogen feem ntau yog nyob ntawm nitrification thiab denitricification. Yog tias ammonia nitrogen yog nyob rau hauv cov kev lees paub tab sis tag nrho cov nitrogen yog ntau dhau, nws qhia tau ib qho teeb meem nrog kev txwv. Qhov no yog qhov ntau, thiab qhov ua rau feem ntau tsis txaus ntseeg nyob rau hauv yaj oxygen, pH, lossis as-ham. Kuv nco txog lub sijhawm kawg uas kuv tau ntsib ib qho teeb meem nrog kev txwv, Kuv tau siv lub tshuab loj heev: Kuv tau txo tag nrho cov nitrogen los ntawm dhau 100 teev. Thaum ob qho tib si ammonia nitrogen thiab tag nrho cov nitrogen yog ntau dhau, tus yam ntxwv yog "Ammonia nitrogen yuav luag sib npaug rau tag nrho cov nitrogen." Kuv tsis tau ntsib Ammonia nitrogen ntau dhau tus txheej txheem ua ntej, raws li Nitrify cov kab mob yog qhov yooj yim rau cov kab mob tsis zoo uas yog me ntsis muag.
Kuv yuav tsis txheeb xyuas lub phosphorus thiab cov khib nyiab tshem tawm (SS), raws li ob qhov ntsuas tau yooj yim kom yooj yim rau qhov chaw nyob.
Teeb meem xws li sludge floating, ua npuas ncauj, thiab scum
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho mob ntsig txog kev kho mob muaj txiaj ntsig, cov teeb meem xws li sludge ntab, sludge nthuav, ua npuas ncauj, thiab scum yuav tshwm sim. Cov teeb meem no tsis tas yuav ua rau muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tau tshaj tus qauv, tab sis lawv yog kev pom kev tsis pom thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov teeb meem ntev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau pom thiab hais qhov teeb meem ntxov li ntxov tau!
Cov teeb meem no feem ntau kav los ntawm peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb:
1. Cov dej tsis zoo ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev kho tsiaj txhu ib puag ncig, xws li pH hloov. Ntau dhau acidity lossis alkalinity tuaj yeem ua rau ua npuas dej, scum, lossis lwm yam teeb meem. Tshuaj lom neeg lom, cov tshuaj lom, surfactants, thiab cov khoom siv siab ntau dhau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntsig txog.
2. Thaum lub sij hawm commissioning ntawm kev kho mob biological, kev ua haujlwm ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv sai (xws li pH lossis ua npuas ncauj, ua npuas ncauj, thiab scum.
3. Cov qauv tsim tank tsis tsim nyog (lossis lwm cov qauv tank) tuaj yeem ua rau luv luv- puag ncig lossis kev tsim cov aaverobic. Piv txwv li, ib lub kaum ntse ntse heev hauv cov sedimentation tank sludge hopper tuaj yeem ua rau sludge tsub zuj zuj zuj zus, thiab lwm yam.
Cov teeb meem ntawm cov teeb meem no yog qhov zoo ib yam, yog li peb yuav muab txoj kev txheeb xyuas kev ywj pheej thiab cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm no. Ua npuas ncauj thiab scum feem ntau tshwm sim hauv ob thaj chaw: aerobic ib puag ncig (xws li cov chaw tso tsheb hlau luam yeeb, anaoxic tso tsheb hlau luam, hydrolysis inanks, thiab lwm yam). Ntawm chav kawm, cov laj thawj rau ua npuas ncauj thiab scum tiam nyob rau hauv aerobic thiab anaerobic ib puag ncig muaj kev sib txawv.
Kev tsom xam ntawm cov laj thawj thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov teeb meem hauv ib puag ncig aerobic:
1. Kev hloov pauv ntawm hom. Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, ob theem qis dhau thiab qib siab yuav ua rau ua npuas dej. Kev soj ntsuam tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm cov dej tsis zoo thiab muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv, thiab cov ph ntawm lub tank kho mob yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom raws sijhawm. Ib qho ntxiv, Nitricification cov txheej txheem hauv Aerobic tso tsheb hlau luam qis qis pH, thiab cov kev hloov kho muaj zog tau yooj yim, xav tau raws li alkali los tswj cov alkalinity sib npaug.
2. Cov tshuaj lom thiab cov organic siab. Ob ntawm cov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov sludge ua kom ntab, ua npuas dej thiab scum. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm cov dej tsis zoo (nws tsis zoo li tus neeg twg yuav yog li kev khib ua tshuaj lom rau lub tshuab ua pa Aeration).
3. Tus neeg muaj cov tshuaj oily thiab surfactants. Roj thiab surfactants, ua ke nrog Aeration, tuaj yeem ua npuas ncauj ua npuas. Yog tias koj pom ua npuas ncauj daj, koj tuaj yeem liam cov tshuaj no, vim tias ua npuas ncauj tsis zoo no cuam tshuam oxygen thiab lub aeration system.
4. Anaerobic ib qho tshwm sim hauv kev kho roj ntsha pom hauv kev kho roj ntsha. Qhov no yog qhov tsim qauv. Zoos ib cheeb tsam Anaerobic thiab sludge tsub tuaj yeem ua rau Anaerobic fermentation ntawm sludge, tsim cov roj uas nqa tau sludge rau saum npoo. Hauv qhov no, lub tank xav tau kev hloov kho. Ntxiv cov khoom siv Aeration lossis cov lus qhia ntws mus rau cov chaw anaerobic kom tso cai rau cov dej khib nyiab mus.
5. Desolved oxygen yog tsawg heev. Kev ua tau siab ntau heev tuaj yeem ua rau txo cov pa oxygen hauv lub tshuab ua kom sov, lossis qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lub blower thiab beration li khoom siv. Tsawg yaj oxygen ib puag ncig yog pab kom muaj sia nyob ntawm cov kab mob filamentous. Ntev cov pa oxygen tsawg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nthuav tawm ntau ntawm filamentous kab mob, ua rau sludge bulking. Feem ntau, cov pa oxygen nyob rau hauv lub aeration tank yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 2 mg / l.
6. Tsis txaus lossis tsis muaj kev tshem tawm slude rau ncua sijhawm. Tsis txaus sludge kev tawm ua rau muaj kev nce mus txuas ntxiv hauv sludge concentration hauv lub tshuab ua kom lub cev. Thaum lub sludge concentration ze li 5,000 lossis siab dua cov as-ham ua rau muaj ntau cov kab mob sib deev rau "tshaib plab," ua rau muaj cov as-ham tsis txaus. Qhov no "sludge" floats mus rau saum npoo, sib sau ib txheej tuab ntawm scum. Yog li ntawd, tswj sludge concentration yog qhov tseem ceeb. Rau kev kho dej huv kev cog ntoo lossis cov kws tswj hwm, tswj sludge yog qhov tseem ceeb heev!
Kev tsom xam ntawm cov teeb meem thiab cov yam ntxwv hauv Anaerobic ib puag ncig:
Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw ib puag ncig ntawm anaerobic floating thiab anaerobic sludge ntab, feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev tso tsheb hlau luam.
1. Denitrification Sludge Floating nyob rau hauv anoxic tank tso cai nitrees nitrogen rau ib txwm nkag mus rau hauv tank tedimentation tenimation tank. Lub anoxic ib puag ncig hauv cov sedimation tank ua rau lub tank ua haujlwm denitricification, ua rau cov sludge kom ntab mus rau saum npoo. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim los daws (tsis suav nrog qhov teeb meem ntawm anoxic tank tau me me, uas yog tsis muaj peev xwm). Sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxial tank yog qhov tseem ceeb los tswj cov kab mob nitrogen, kom ntseeg tau cov kab mob nitrogen, kom paub meej thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo. Ntawm chav kawm, cov cawv cawv sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum tseem muaj kev tswj hwm, zoo tshaj 200%.
2. Anaerobic sludge ntab ntab. Kuv tau ua tim khawv txog qhov teeb meem no. Vim yog tus tsim lub kaum sab xis (feem ntau tshaj li 55 degree), sludge yog qhov nyuaj rau tag tawm ntawm lub tedimentation tank slude Hopper, tsim ntau thaj chaw tuag. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov sludge no nthuav dav thiab yooj yim ntab rau saum npoo. Ib tug neeg ntsib cov teeb meem no yuav tsum liam ncaj qha rau pab neeg tsim.
02 Qhov qhia txog cov kab mob ntawm cov microorganisms
Cov kab mob me me ua si ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lub luag hauj lwm thaum lub sijhawm commissioning ntawm cov txheeb lom neeg. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov qauv ntawm cov kab mob me, sludge duab tuaj yeem txiav txim siab, thiab effluent zoo tuaj yeem kwv yees.
Thaum ua kom poob qis yog qhov xwm txheej zoo:
Thaum ua kom lub sludge yog nyob rau hauv zoo, tus flocs yog loj, tab tom zoo. Cov tshuaj ntsuam me me qhia txog cov kab mob xws li * Platychodon *, * Platychoda *, * Cyclophora *, thiab oligochieetes {
Thaum qhib kev ua kom poob qis zuj zus:
Thaum qhib kev ua kom poob qis, cov flocs me dua, thiab nrawm - Drichomonas *, * Trichomonas *, thiab * Trichomonas * tshwm sim. Thaum sludge tsis txaus ntseeg, cov kab mob sib tw tuag ntawm lub peev xwm loj lossis yuav luag ploj, sludge kev muaj peev xwm txo qis, thiab cov dej muaj peev xwm ua tsis zoo.
Los ntawm kev ua kom tsis zoo rau qhov qub:
Thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsis zoo rau ib txwm muaj, ua haujlwm sludge kev ua kom qeeb - platycodon * thiab * platychoyon *.
Ua kom sludge bulking:
Ua kom sludge bulking feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, sludge tswm yog tsis zoo, nrog lub siab 30 {{{{{}} Cov kab mob filamentous yog cov kab ke tseem ceeb ua rau sludge bulking. Vim yog qhov loj- scale proliferation ntawm filamentous cov kab mob, kev ua kom zoo nkauj tshwm sim, nrog cov xim zoo nkauj thiab cov xim sib xws.
Cov pa tsis txaus Descred:
Thaum yaj oxygen nyob rau hauv lub Aerer tank yog tsis txaus, kev ua kom qis dua qhov tsaus ntuj ntau dua li ib txwm muaj thiab emits ib qho ntxhiab tsw.
Ntau dhau cov pa oxygen:
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, kwv yees li 300 rotifers tuaj yeem pom ib lub milliliter ntawm antudge hauv qab lub tshuab tsom, thaum sarcoptera tsis tshua pom nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj mob. Thaum tus nqi aeration nyob rau hauv lub Aeration TAN
Lub siab tsis muaj zog thiab lub cev load:
Thaum lub cev dej ntas ntau dhau, cov kab teev yuav tshwm sim, qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm nitricification.
Lwm qhov kev hloov ib puag ncig:
Thaum tus taw qhia biomass hauv kev ua haujlwm sludge txo qis qis, nws yuav yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv lom lossis hloov ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev ntsuas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj los txo qhov cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob me me.
03 Xaus
Hauv kev ua haujlwm rau kev kho kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas tseem ceeb rau kev kho kom zoo. Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg siv hluav taws xob microbial, cov txheej txheem sib kho yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev kho kom zoo thiab kev kho kom zoo nkauj.