Aquaculture plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj protein ntau thiab daws cov teeb meem kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus thoob ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov khoom tsim tawm hauv dej hauv kuv lub teb chaws tau nce zuj zus txhua xyoo. Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm bait yog muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem yug me nyuam. Phosphorus yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov kab nuv ntses, tab sis kev siv tus nqi ntawm phosphorus hauv cov ntses los ntawm ntses yog feem ntau qis.
Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov phosphorus muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem yug me nyuam tseem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm active phosphorus nyob rau hauv cov seem seem thiab quav, thiab thaum kawg nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub yug me nyuam tail dej. Active phosphorus yog yooj yim siv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, kab mob thiab algae. Thaum nws nce mus txog ib qho concentration, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm algae, txo cov pa oxygen concentration hauv dej hauv lub cev, ua rau eutrophication ntawm lub cev dej, thiab tom qab ntawd cuam tshuam rau ecological tshuav nyiaj li cas, tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua rau qee qhov kev poob nyiaj txiag. . Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv txoj kev tsim nyog los kho aquaculture Tail dej kom txo tau nws qhov kev puas tsuaj rau ecological ib puag ncig ntawm thaj chaw yug me nyuam.
Tam sim no, feem ntau siv phosphorus tshem tawm txoj kev nyob rau hauv aquaculture Tail dej yog tshuaj / coagulation nag lossis daus, uas hloov phosphate nyob rau hauv cov kua theem mus rau cov khoom theem los ntawm nag lossis daus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hlau ions thiab phosphate los yog coagulation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hlau ntsev thiab txhuas ntsev. . Txawm hais tias txoj kev no yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, nws muaj qhov tsis zoo, xws li cov xim ntawm cov dej kho (ua los ntawm Fe3+), cov tshuaj muaj zog acidic (pH tsawg dua 3), cov pa phem thib ob yog qhov hnyav, thiab cov tshuaj sludge yuav tsum tau ceev faj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov av tsim hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheem electrochemical thiab lwm txoj hauv kev kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov haujlwm tiag tiag kom tshem tawm phosphorus los ntawm cov dej hauv av, tab sis cov txheej txheem no muaj teeb meem xws li kev kho mob tsis zoo, kev tsim kho siab lossis cov nqi khiav lag luam, thiab kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tsim / siv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab los yog txoj hauv kev tshiab kom ua tiav cov phosphorus tshem tawm ntawm cov dej hauv av tailwater.
Biochar yog cov khoom siv adsorption nrog cov khoom siv pheej yig thiab nkag tau yooj yim. Muaj ntau cov lus ceeb toom txog kev tshem tawm phosphorus los ntawm biochar lossis hloov biochar. Hauv kev tshawb fawb dhau los, cov yam ntxwv adsorption ntawm fir biochar (WBC), fungus residue biochar (VBC) thiab hloov kho fir biochar (SBC) ntawm phosphorus hauv cov dej khib nyiab simulated tau tshawb xyuas. Ntawm lawv, WBC yuav luag tsis muaj phosphorus tshem tawm, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm VBC thiab SBC ntawm phosphorus yog 86.70 thiab 181.07 mg / g, feem. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm peb lub biochars ntawm phosphorus nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb aquaculture tailwater nrog txawv dej zoo keeb kwm tseem tsis meej. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, ntau hom aquaculture tailwater feem ntau muaj cov dej sib txawv thiab muaj ntau qhov nyuaj dua li cov dej khib nyiab simulated.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev npaj ntawm biochar los ntawm cov quav eel yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntsuab ntawm aquaculture, tab sis nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias eel feces biochar (MBC) muaj peev xwm tshem tawm phosphorus.
Yog li, txoj kev tshawb no tau xaiv fir, vancomycin residue thiab eel feces li biomass raw khoom los npaj WBC, VBC, MBC thiab SBC adsorbents los kho peb hom aquaculture tailwater, thiab tshawb xyuas qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov biochars sib txawv ntawm phosphorus hauv aquaculture tailwater. Cov nyhuv tshem tawm thiab tshem tawm cov txheej txheem ntawm biochar ntawm ntau hom phosphorus nyob rau hauv cov dej zoo sib txawv tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kinetic thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv.
Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias ntawm plaub hom biochars, SBC muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, thaum MBC tso phosphorus rau hauv dej. Tom qab SBC kev kho mob, TP hauv cov dej tsis qab ntsev thiab cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov dej hiav txwv qis qis dua li qib thawj thiab theem ob tso tawm cov dej tsis tau txais cov dej hauv "Pond Aquaculture Tailwater Discharge Standard" (DB 32/4043-2021), thiab marine aquaculture tailwater ua tau raws li thawj theem kev tso tawm ntawm cov dej hiav txwv tau txais.
SBC muaj qhov adsorption ceev ceev rau active phosphorus nyob rau hauv peb hom aquaculture tailwaters, thiab muaj peev xwm ncav cuag adsorption equilibrium tom qab 30-60 min, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 76.78%-93.07%; Thaum cov nyhuv tshem tawm ntawm cov organic phosphorus hauv tailwater tsawg (14%-17%), thiab desorption yuav tshwm sim. Cov txheej txheem adsorption ntawm active phosphorus thiab organic phosphorus los ntawm SBC ua raws li tus qauv pseudo-thib ob-order kinetic qauv. Lub adsorption mechanism ntawm nquag phosphorus los ntawm SBC feem ntau suav nrog ligand pauv thiab tshuaj los nag.
Txoj kev tshawb no yuav tsum tau muab cov lus qhia zoo rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj phosphorus los ntawm biochar, txhawm rau txhawb kev siv cov khoom siv biochar hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab los ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tswv yim.
Cov txiaj ntsig
(1) TP ntawm peb lub pas dej da dej tailwater siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no tau dhau qhov kev tso tawm ntawm "Pond Aquaculture Tailwater Discharge Standard" thiab muaj qee qhov concentration ntawm cov organic phosphorus. Cov txiaj ntsig pom tau pom tias qhov chaw morphology thiab theem qauv ntawm plaub lub biochars xaiv tau txawv heev. WBC nto yog du; SBC nto yog ntxhib thiab feem ntau muaj Mg (OH) 2 nanosheets; VBC nto mas muaj loj CaSO4 thiab nanoparticle Fe3O4; thiab MBC nto muaj AlPO4 thiab SiO2.
(2) Cov nyhuv tshem tawm ntawm phosphorus hauv tailwater los ntawm WBC, SBC thiab VBC tau nce ntxiv nrog kev nce ntxiv. SBC tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, ua raws li VBC. WBC muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thaum MBC tso phosphorus rau hauv dej. Tom qab SBC kev kho mob, TP nyob rau hauv cov dej tsis qab ntsev thiab concentrated aquaculture tailwaters yog qis dua cov thawj thiab thib ob theem tso tawm txwv ntawm cov saum toj no-hais tus qauv cov dej qab zib tau txais dej, thiab lub marine aquaculture tailwater tau raws li cov thawj theem tso cai ntawm marine txais dej.
(3) SBC muaj qhov adsorption ceev ceev rau active phosphorus nyob rau hauv peb lub aquaculture tailwaters, thiab muaj peev xwm ncav cuag adsorption equilibrium tom qab 30-60 min, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 76.78% mus rau 93.07%; Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshem tawm cov nyhuv ntawm cov organic phosphorus hauv cov tailwater yog qhov tsawg (14%-17%), thiab desorption tej zaum yuav muaj. Cov txheej txheem adsorption ntawm active phosphorus thiab organic phosphorus los ntawm SBC ua raws li tus qauv pseudo-thib ob-order kinetic qauv.
(4) Lub adsorption mechanism ntawm active phosphorus los ntawm SBC feem ntau suav nrog ligand pauv thiab tshuaj los nag.
Thawj tus sau: Chen Yunchao
Sau chav tsev: Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Environmental thiab Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University
Daim ntawv DOI: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0592