Kev Kawm Txuj Ci
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, dej tsis txaus thiab muaj kuab paug yog cov teeb meem loj uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Yuav ua li cas siv cov cuab yeej kho dej kom tau txais cov dej tshiab los ntawm cov dej hiav txwv thiab cov dej khib nyiab, thiab rov ua dua cov dej khib nyiab, yog tus yuam sij rau kev daws teeb meem dej.
Raws li cov dej siv dej siv hluav taws xob ua kom zoo, ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab tau siv dav hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv dej hiav txwv xav tau thiab kev kho kom muaj dej noo noo.
Txawm li cas los xij, thev naus laus zis xws li electrodialysis (electrodialysis) thiab rov qab siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg, ua haujlwm siab ua haujlwm, siab ua haujlwm kom muaj kuab paug. Yog li ntawd, tshiab membrane sib cais thev naus laus zis tau txais kev saib xyuas dav dav.
TSEEM CEEB
Membrane distillation thev naus laus zis (MD) yog qhov ntsuas kub qis thermal membrane sib cais tshuab tsim nrog kev txhim kho ntawm thim rov qab osmosis membrane desalination. Raws li hom tshiab ntawm cov cua sov-tsav membrane tshuab, nws muaj daim ntawv thov kev cia siab nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kev kho dej khib nyiab vim nws cov kev ua haujlwm me me, cov dej ntau lawm, kev sib cais zoo, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, piv nrog cov tsoos siab-tsav membrane technologies xws li nanofiltration thiab thim rov qab osmosis, membrane distillation tsis xav tau zoo ntawm cov dej nyoos. Thaum kho cov dej khib nyiab siab thiab nyuaj-rau-degrade, cov dej tso tawm tau zoo tuaj yeem tau txais, thiab nws tau siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab.
Lub ntsiab lus
Membrane distillation tuaj yeem tsuas yog suav tias yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm membrane sib cais thiab distillation technology. Nws yog cov txheej txheem sib cais uas siv cov hydrophobic microporous membrane ua ib qho kev sib cais nruab nrab thiab siv lub vapor siab sib txawv ntawm ob sab ntawm daim nyias nyias ua lub zog tsav. Ib sab ntawm daim nyias nyias yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov kua nyoos. Los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm ob sab ntawm daim nyias nyias, cov roj-kua interface yog tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm hydrophobic membrane pores. Cov dej ua kua evaporates mus rau hauv chav thiab dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias pores, condensing rau hauv dej distilled ntawm lwm sab ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov khoom uas tsis yog-volatile yaj nyob rau hauv dej yuav tsis migrate nrog dej vapor, yog li ua tiav kev sib cais, concentration, thiab purification ntawm cov kua pub.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim nyias nyias cov txheej txheem yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cua sov hloov thiab hauv membrane distillation, tshav kub hloov thiab loj hloov mus ib txhij.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob siab uas ntws los ntawm cov roj theem chamber kom tshem tawm cov nkev saturated thiab tom qab ntawd condense hu ua gas-sweep membrane distillation, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm cov pa los ntawm cov roj theem chamber los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab condensing nws yog hu ua lub tshuab nqus tsev. membrane distillation;
Txoj kev ncaj qha ntws dej txias los ntawm lub vapor theem chamber kom nqus saturated chav hu ua ncaj qha hu ua membrane distillation;
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov dej txias los ntawm kev hloov cua sov kom yooj yim dua cov pa hluav taws xob uas muaj cov pa hloov pauv tau yog hu ua Cua Gap membrane Distillation.
Cais hom
Thaum lub sijhawm membrane distillation cov txheej txheem, ib sab ntawm daim nyias nyias muaj nyias ua kua raws li cov yeeb yaj kiab sib txawv raws li cov yeeb yaj kiab sib txawv raws li cov yeeb yaj kiab sib txawv raws li cov khoom sib txawv (DCMD) , Cua Gap membrane Distillation (AGMD), roj-cheb membrane (SGMD), thiab nqus tau membbrane Distillation (VMD).
Ob tog ntawm DCMD memmd muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov kua pub thiab circulating dej txias raws. Lub vapor siab sib txawv tsim los ntawm lub transmembrane sib txawv sib txawv, thiab permeated dej yog condensed nyob rau hauv lub voj voog dej txias.
AGMD zoo ib yam li DCMD, tab sis ib lub phaj condensation ntxiv ntawm lub qhov dej kub thiab cov cua txias cua txias hauv nruab nrab. Tom qab cov dej vapor hla los ntawm daim nyias nyias, nws yog condensed rau ntawm lub phaj txias thiab sau.
SGMD ncaj qha siv cov roj qhuav kom tsis tu ncua ntawm lub permericly purillation membrane, thiab permeated dej yog coj tawm ntawm daim membrane distillation ntaus ntawv thiab condensed thiab sau.
VMD siv lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tso kua mis rau sab permeation los tsim ib lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab cov dej vapor raug rho tawm thiab txias tom qab dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias.
ADVANTAGE
(1) Cov txheej txheem membrane distillation yog nqa tawm yuav luag ntawm ib txwm siab, nrog cov cuab yeej yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm yooj yim. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj zog technical;
(2) Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem membrane distillation ntawm non-volatile solute aqueous tov, vim hais tias tsuas yog dej vapor tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias pores, lub distillate yog ntshiab heev, uas yuav tsum tau los ua ib tug zoo txhais tau tias ntawm loj-scale thiab tsawg-nqi npaj. dej ultrapure;
(3) Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem kho cov kev daws teeb meem tsis tshua muaj cov kev daws teeb meem. Yog hais tias cov tshuaj yog ib qho khoom siv uas yooj yim rau crystallize, txoj kev daws yuav muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev tswj hwm lub xeev thiab membrane distillation crystallization yuav tshwm sim. Nws yog tib tus ncej puab uas tuaj yeem cais cov khoom ncaj qha crystalline los ntawm kev daws teeb meem;
(4) Cov txheej txheem membrane distillation tuaj yeem tsim tau yooj yim rau hauv daim ntawv latent thaum tshav kub kub rov qab thiab muaj qhov yooj yim los tsim cov txheej txheem loj loj nrog cov khoom siv me me;
(5) Hauv cov txheej txheem no, tsis tas yuav muaj cua sov ua kom sov kom npau npau. Ntev npaum li qhov sib txawv ntawm ob sab ntawm daim nyias nyias yog tswj kom tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem nqa tawm. Nws yog tau siv lub zog pheej yig xws li lub zog hnub ci, cov hluav taws kub, cov khoom kub, cov khoom siv khib nyiab pov tseg thiab sov sov muaj chaw lim dej.
APPLICATION
1. Petrochemical Wastewater
Cov kev kho kom zoo nkauj Petrochemical kev kho kom zoo dua qub txheej txheem - "peb txheej txheej qub txheej txheem-fundation-cegation-coagulation-fundation" lossis "nyuaj kom tau raws li cov dej phwj tuaj. Nyob rau tam sim no, thim rov qab osmosis (ro) thiab kev xav tau oxidation oxidation, tab sis ro muaj zog siv dej zoo thiab tsawg chaws dej rov qab tus nqi. Arop thev naus laus zis sawv cev los ntawm Fenton yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov tshuaj chemical, uas tsim cov nyiaj ntau ntawm sludge. Piv nrog tsoos kev tshuaj thev naus laus zis, membrane distillation tuaj yeem kho cov dej khib nyiab nrog lub siab mus txog ntawm 350, {
Ib qho kev thov engineering qhia tau hais tias qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tsiaj txhu Txawm li cas los xij, membrane distillation muaj kev siv hluav taws xob siab thiab tsis yog kev lag luam li ro. Piv nrog siab-tsav daim ntaub nyias nyias muaj kev siv nyiaj (xws li ro), tab sis membrane scaling thiab membrane Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob thiab cov dej ua kom tsawg, tshwj xeeb yog nyob hauv cov kev mob siab. Txhawm rau ncua rau membrane plhaw, tus membrane distillation los txhim kho kom txhim kho lub cev ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom ntub dej.
2. Kev txiav tawm los ntawm Coal-Rho Tawm Haujlwm Fais Fab
Cov qauv kev kho mob rau desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab muaj xws li lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txheej txheem lom neeg. Ntawm lawv, cov txheej txheem tshuaj feem ntau siv los tshem tawm SS thiab cov hlau hnyav, tab sis thaum cov dej zoo thiab cov dej ntim tau hloov pauv ntau, qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm txoj kev no tsis siab, thiab Cl thiab F- tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm zoo. Thaum flocculation yog siv los tshem tawm SS thiab hlau precipitates, qhov sib cais ceev qeeb vim cov hlau precipitates feem ntau submicron los yog nanometer loj. Membrane technologies xws li microfiltration (MF) thiab ultrafiltration (UF) tau siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab desulfurization, tab sis cov dej khib nyiab kho tsis tuaj yeem raug tso tawm ncaj qha lossis rov siv dua vim nws qhov siab TDS siab. Membrane distillation tsis xav tau cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab tuaj yeem kho cov dej qab ntsev uas muaj cov dej khib nyiab zoo. Nws tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau ntxiv hauv kev kho dej desulfurization.
Siv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab hluav taws xob los kho cov dej khib nyiab desulfurization tuaj yeem tau txais cov dej tso tawm zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias muaj cov pa phem hauv cov dej tsis zoo hauv cov dej khib nyiab, nws yooj yim ua rau cov ntaub ntub dej thiab cov kab mob sib kis, uas yuav ua rau cov dej tsis zoo, ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv ntawm daim nyias nyias, thiab nce tus nqi kho mob.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, teb cov teeb meem ntawm cov teeb meem tsis huv thiab membrane ntub, cov txheej txheem sib xyaw tau txais tshwj xeeb. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias txuas ntxiv cov kev ua tsis zoo nrog lwm cov kev ua kom zoo dua li ib qho kev ua kom qeeb dua thiab ua kom muaj kev pabcuam txo qis ntawm lub neej ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev sib xyaw ua ke kev sib nqus thiab cov membrane tsis muab cov zis tso zis kom zoo dua qub tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsoos tsho kom zoo.
3. Cov dej khib nyiab tsis huv
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog flocculation nag lossis daus-evaporation-ion pauv, uas flocculation nag lossis daus thiab ion pauv yuav tsim cov pa phem ntau, thiab lub zog noj ntawm evaporation concentration siab dhau. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov txheej txheem siab-driven membrane technologies xws li RO tuaj yeem cais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, tab sis qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm RO rau boron tsuas yog 40% mus rau 80%. Txawm hais tias qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm boric acid tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm kev kho cov pH, vim yog cov nyhuv buffering ntawm boric acid, ntau cov alkali yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau kev hloov kho kom boron salinity, yog li txo cov dej tawm ntawm RO.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov ion hluav taws xob me me hauv dej khib nyiab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sib txuas ua ke-tsav cov tshuaj thev naus laus zis. Tus tseem ceeb lus dag nyob rau hauv kev ua dua tshiab ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ua haujlwm, thiab kev siv kom paub ntxiv. Thaum membrane distillation kho kom zoo, lub concent concentotic concent concent pol os concent concent muaj cov nyhuv me me ntawm daim duab flux, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm cov salinity siab.
The results show that when membrane distillation is used for radioactive wastewater treatment, the retention rate of radionuclides in wastewater is as high as 99%. Boric acid is an expensive filler in controlled pressure reactors. The use of hybrid membrane processes such as NF-VMD can achieve boric acid purification and meet the reuse requirements (boric acid concentration>40 g / L). Tsis tas li ntawd, solubility ntawm boric acid hloov pauv nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Membrane distillation crystallization (VMDC) tuaj yeem siv tag nrho cov yam ntxwv no kom pom zoo boric acid hauv cov dej khib nyiab.
Kev sib cuag ntawm cov distillation membrane thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem yooj yim rhuav tshem cov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab txawm ua rau cov membrane degrade. Yog li ntawd, lub distillation membrane yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob txaus. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev hloov kho fluorination ntawm daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem txhim kho cov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv ntawm daim nyias nyias.
4. Coking dej khib nyiab
Coking Wastewater muaj qhov tsw pungent thiab muaj ntau ntawm cov kuab lom thiab nyuaj-rau-dench shoudants. Kev kho mob ib txwm muaj xws li kev kho lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov kev kho mob phenolic thiab kev tshem tawm cov txheej txheem roj ntsha, xws li ua kom tiav txoj kev sludge. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tua dej tsis zoo tseem muaj cov ntsev ntau thiab cov tebchaw loj, xws li polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons thiab heterocyclic teb.
Tom qab cov txheej txheem pretreatment xws li tshem tawm cov roj thiab ammonia distillation, cov dej khib nyiab coking tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kub ntawm li 50 degree, uas muab cov kev mob zoo rau daim nyias nyias los siv cov khoom siv khib nyiab los kho cov dej khib nyiab. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, daim ntawv thov ntawm membrane distillation thev naus laus zis rau coking dej khib nyiab tau maj mam dhau los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb hotspot. Cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias membrane distillation muaj kev tshem tawm siab rau cov khoom tsis-volatile, thiab kev tshem tawm cov pa phem hauv cov dej khib nyiab feem ntau yog siab dua 98%.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa phem hydrophobic nyob rau hauv dej lwg, xws li muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons thiab hydrophobic mis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau membrane plhaw thiab membrane fouling. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom ntub dej ntawm daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm txhim kho los ntawm kev kho mob ua ntej los yog hloov kho daim nyias nyias.
5. Kws Tshuaj Zauv
Hauv cov membrane thev naus laus zis, RO muaj cov kev kho mob zoo ntawm cov tshuaj pov tseg, tab sis RO muaj cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo xws li n-nitroshodimanine (ndma). Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, Membrane distillation technology tau maj tau siv rau kev kho mob ntawm kws tshuaj pov tseg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, membrane distillation yog siv rau cov tshuaj siv tshuaj pov tseg, thiab kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua kom siab li 99%. Txawm li cas los xij, tshuaj hydrophobic nyob rau hauv dej lwg tau yooj yim rau teev nyob rau membrane Flux. Kev kho mob ua ntej ntawm cov dej cawv xws li cov dej ntws flocculation thiab nag lossis daus, tuaj yeem ua ke nrog kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj pov tseg. Ib qho ntxiv, sib txuas lwm cov txheej txheem nrog membrane distillation (xws li MBR-MD Coupling cov txheej txheem hauv cov tshuaj siv tshuaj pov tseg hauv cov tshuaj pov tseg.
TSEEM CEEB
Membrane distillation thev naus laus zis tau tsim kho sai nyob rau xyoo tas los no thiab tau pib siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab xws li petrochemical wastewater, desulfurization khib nyiab thiab coking khib nyiab, tab sis nws ntsib ntau yam teeb meem xws li kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, cov nqi membrane siab, cov pa phem thiab. ntub dej.
Cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
① Txo lub zog noj ntawm cov membrane distillation system, txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob ua kom sov, thiab ntxiv kev tshawb fawb txog hnub ci zog, geothermal thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis txuas nrog membrane distillation;
② Tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, tsim qauv tsim qauv cov duab kos, thiab ua kom zoo nkauj flux;
Rau kev tsim qauv mechanism thiab tiv thaiv kev ntsuas ntsuas, cov yam ntxwv ntawm fouling ib puag ncig lub tshuab tuaj yeem sib tham tob tob;
④ Tam sim no tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb me me ntawm kev ntsuas lub neej ntawm kev siv cov membrane distillation.
Yog li ntawd, kev soj ntsuam lub neej voj voog ntawm cov membrane distillation system kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej.