Fenton oxidation txheej txheem yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws oxidation tshuab rau kev kho recalcitrant organic wastewater. Nws siv ferrous ion catalysis los tsim kom muaj zog oxidizing hydroxyl radicals nyob rau hauv situ los ntawm hydrogen peroxide, zoo decomposing heev lom thiab tsis zoo biodegradable organic pollutants. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem pretreatment los txhim kho cov dej khib nyiab biodegradability, los yog ua cov txheej txheem kev kho mob siab heev kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej ntws tau raws li cov qauv tso tawm. Cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb universal, tsuas yog ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm qhov pib. Kev ua kom zoo yuav tsum muaj me me - ntsuas dej zoo. Nws yog dav siv rau tsib yam kev lag luam scenarios: tshuaj, tshuaj, luam ntawv thiab dyeing, landfill leachate, thiab pulp thiab ntawv manufacturing. Hauv qab no yog cov kev hloov kho thiab ua tiav cov lus qhia ua haujlwm.
I. Txheem Txheej Txheem Flow
Cov txheej txheem Fenton cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj rau theem tseem ceeb: kev hloov kho cov kua qaub, kev sib xyaw catalyst, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, neutralization thiab degassing, solid{0}}kua sib cais, thiab pov tseg cov khib nyiab pov tseg. Tag nrho cov tsis ua raws li anaerobic thiab advanced oxidation engineering specifications:
1. Acid Adjustment Stage: Dilute sulfuric acid ntxiv los kho cov dej khib nyiab pH mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 3.0 txog 4.0. Kev siv tshuab lossis hydraulic stirring yog siv tsawg kawg yog 2 feeb. Kev ntsuas pH online thiab ntsuas lub twj tso kua mis yog muab los ua kom tau txais kev tswj xyuas cov kua qaub tsis siv neeg thiab cov kua qaub, tiv thaiv hauv cheeb tsam tshaj -acidity lossis tshaj -alkalinity.
2. Catalyst Mixing Stage: Ferrous sulfate tov yog ntxiv rau catalyst. Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog tswj tau qis dua 30%, thiab qis dua 20% nyob rau hauv qis - qhov kub thiab txias. Lub zog stirring hom yog siv, nrog rau qhov ceev gradient G tus nqi tswj ntawm 500 thiab 1000 vib nas this⁻¹, thiab nplawm yog ua rau tsawg kawg yog 2 feeb los xyuas kom meej tag nrho thiab uniform dispersion ntawm ferrous ions nyob rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab.
3. Oxidation Reaction Stage: Ncaj qha ntxiv 30% kev lag luam- qib hydrogen peroxide cov tshuaj hauv Tshuag yam tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ua ntej lossis kev sib cais. Tus reagent ratio yog txiav txim raws li dej zoo. Lub zog stirring tsis muaj zog yog siv thaum lub sij hawm oxidation theem, nrog rau qhov ceev gradient G tus nqi tswj ntawm 50-70 vib nas this⁻¹, tswj tsuas yog cov sludge fluidization xeev los tiv thaiv hydroxyl radical poob. Lub sij hawm tuav hydraulic yog 4-8 teev rau pretreatment thiab 2-6 teev rau kev kho mob siab heev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub tank yog ua los ntawm 316L stainless hlau nrog iav flake txheej ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
4. Neutralization thiab Degassing Theem: Ntxiv sodium hydroxide los yog sodium carbonate tov los kho cov dej khib nyiab pH rau 7.0-8.0. Tom qab sib tov zoo, cov dej khib nyiab nkag mus rau hauv lub tank degassing kom tshem tawm cov pa oxygen uas tau tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lub sij hawm tuav hydraulic hauv lub tank degassing tsis pub tsawg dua 15 feeb, thiab cov pa roj -rau-dej piv tsis tsawg dua 5: 1.
5. Khoom-Kev Sib Cai Liquid: Sib cais hlau sludge los ntawm cov dej huv uas siv cov dej khib nyiab los yog cov flotation tank. Yog tias cov nyhuv sib cais tsis txaus siab, ntxiv 100-200 mg / L polyaluminum chloride thiab 3-5 mg / L polyacrylamide txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm kev tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab hlau sludge.
6. Hlau sludge pov tseg: Hlau sludge uas tsim los ntawm Fenton cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cais raws li HW22 pov tseg txaus ntshai. Nws yuav tsum tau thickened, dewatered los ntawm phaj thiab thav duab lim xovxwm, thiab tom qab ntawd muab pov tseg ntawm kev ua raws li cov kev cai los ntawm chav tsev kho cov khoom pov tseg uas tsim nyog. Random dumping thiab tso tawm yog nruj me ntsis txwv.
II. Precisely Matched Solutions rau Tsib Yam Kev Thov Kev Pabcuam
1. Chemical Wastewater (Phenolic, Benzene, Halogenated Hydrocarbon Wastewater)
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab no yog COD concentration ntawm 1000-5000 mg/L, muaj phenols, benzene series compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv cov organic recalcitrant. Nws cov biodegradability piv yog tsawg dua 0.2, qhia txog cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg siab heev. Kev kho kab mob lom tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov qauv. Cov txheej txheem yog positioned raws li pretreatment, nrog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom cov biodegradability piv rau saum toj no 0.3. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis yog: hydrogen peroxide rau COD loj piv ntawm 1.5 mus rau 2.0: 1, hydrogen peroxide rau ferrous ion loj piv ntawm 3 mus rau 5: 1, hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm ntawm 4 mus rau 6 teev, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pH ntawm 3.0 txog 3.5. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog: rau cov dej khib nyiab phenolic, hydrogen peroxide yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv rau hauv ob mus rau peb theem kom tsis txhob muaj cov oxidation hauv zos; rau cov dej khib nyiab halogenated hydrocarbon, ferrous ion ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem tsim nyog nce ntxiv txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv catalytic oxidation.
2. Pharmaceutical Wastewater (Cov tshuaj tua kab mob, Pharmaceutical Intermediate Wastewater)
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab no yog nws cov complex muaj pes tsawg leeg, COD concentration ntawm 800 mus rau 3000 mg / L nrog kev hloov pauv loj, thiab muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, heterocyclic organic compounds, thiab biotoxicity siab heev, nrog rau qib siab ntawm inorganic ions xws li chloride thiab sulfate ions. Cov txheej txheem yog positioned raws li ib tug dual - hom mus kom ze ntawm pretreatment thiab advanced kev kho mob. Pretreatment txhim kho biodegradability, thaum kev kho mob siab heev tshem tawm cov pa phem los ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Cov kev tsis haum yog raws li nram no: Rau lub pretreatment theem, hydrogen peroxide rau COD loj piv yog 1.2 mus rau 1.8: 1, hydrogen peroxide rau ferrous ion loj piv yog 4 mus rau 6: 1, thiab lub sij hawm tuav hydraulic yog 3 mus rau 5 teev; rau theem kev kho mob siab heev, hydrogen peroxide rau COD loj piv yog 1.0 txog 1.5: 1, lub sijhawm hydraulic tuav yog 2 mus rau 3 teev, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pH yog 3.0 txog 3.5. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog: rau cov dej khib nyiab nrog cov ntsiab lus inorganic ion siab, cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide yuav tsum tau nce 10% mus rau 20% txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm ions ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv; Tom qab pretreatment, cov txheej txheem hydrolysis acidification yuav tsum tau ua raws li txhawm rau txhim kho biodegradability ntawm cov dej khib nyiab.
3. Dyeing and Printing Wastewater (Azo thiab Anthraquinone Dye Wastewater)
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab no yog cov xim muaj zog heev, ncav cuag ntau pua mus rau ntau txhiab zaus siab dua, muaj azo thiab anthraquinone dyes, COD concentration ntawm 300 txog 1000 mg / L, thiab biodegradability piv tsawg dua 0.25. Xim siv yog lub hauv paus tswj qhov taw qhia. Qee cov dej khib nyiab muaj surfactants, ua rau flocculation nyuaj. Cov txheej txheem yog positioned raws li kev kho mob siab heev, nrog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshem tawm cov xim seem thiab COD los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab lom neeg kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej ntws tau raws li cov qauv. Cov tsis haum yog: hydrogen peroxide rau COD loj piv ntawm 1.0 mus rau 1.5: 1, hydrogen peroxide rau ferrous ion loj piv ntawm 5 mus rau 8: 1, hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm ntawm 2 mus rau 4 teev, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pH ntawm 3.5 txog 4.0. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb suav nrog qhov tsim nyog ua kom cov ferrous ion ntau npaum li cas los txhim kho flocculation thiab decolorization; rau cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov surfactants, qhov ntau npaum ntawm polyaluminum chloride tuaj yeem nce ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm kev ua kom cov khoom ua kom zoo dua qub -kua sib cais efficiency.
4. Landfill Leachate (nruab nrab-rau-Late Stage Landfill thiab Incineration Plant Leachate)
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab no yog COD concentration ntawm 800 mus rau 5000 mg / L, biodegradability piv ntawm tsawg dua 0.2, muaj humic acid, fulvic acid, thiab lwm yam recalcitrant organic teeb meem, thiab siab ammonia nitrogen cov ntsiab lus, ua rau nws ib tug raug siab - cov dej khib nyiab nyuaj. Cov txheej txheem yog positioned raws li kev kho mob siab heev, kev koom ua ke nrog MBR, A / O, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem lom neeg mus tshem tawm cov residual pa phem nyob rau hauv lub effluent. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis yog: hydrogen peroxide rau COD loj piv ntawm 1.8 mus rau 2.0: 1, hydrogen peroxide rau ferrous ion loj piv ntawm 2 mus rau 4: 1, hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm ntawm 6 mus rau 8 teev, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pH ntawm 3.0 txog 3.5. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb suav nrog kev ntxiv dag zog rau cov txheej txheem degassing los tiv thaiv cov pa oxygen los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem lim tom ntej; Fenton + aerated biofiltration ua ke txheej txheem yog pom zoo kom txo qis COD effluent mus rau qhov kev txwv.
5. Pulp thiab Paper Wastewater (Intermediate thiab Tailwater)
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab no yog cov muaj lignin, cellulose, thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis zoo; COD concentration ntawm 300 txog 800 mg / L; xim siab; thiab siab suspended solids cov ntsiab lus. Kev tso tawm ncaj qha tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab paug hauv dej. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem yog pretreatment lossis kev kho mob siab heev. Pretreatment ntawm cov dej nruab nrab txhim kho nws cov biodegradability, thaum kho siab heev ntawm cov tailwater tshem tawm cov xim thiab cov seem COD. Cov tsis haum yog: hydrogen peroxide rau COD loj piv ntawm 1.0 mus rau 1.5: 1, hydrogen peroxide rau ferrous ion loj piv ntawm 4 mus rau 6: 1, thiab hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm ntawm 3 mus rau 4 teev. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb suav nrog ntxiv coagulation thiab sedimentation pretreatment nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem kom tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab tiv thaiv ferrous ions los ntawm adsorbed thiab ua tsis tau zoo. Rau cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis ntawm cov nqi reagent thiab sludge ntau lawm, cov txheej txheem fluidized Fenton tuaj yeem raug xaiv los txhim kho kev siv reagent thiab txo cov sludge ntau lawm.
III. Core Control Points rau Txhua yam xwm txheej
1. Precise pH Control: Lub pH yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 3.0 thiab 4.0 thaum lub sij hawm oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem. Ib qho pH qis dua 3.0 yuav cuam tshuam lub voj voog catalytic ntawm ferrous ions, thaum pH siab tshaj 4.0 yuav ua rau ferrous ions rau hydrolyze thiab tsim hydroxide precipitates, poob lawv cov nyhuv catalytic. Lub pH thaum lub sij hawm nruab nrab theem yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj ntawm 7.0 thiab 8.0 kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau tawm.
2. Staged Stirring Control: Muaj zog nplawm yog siv thaum lub sij hawm reagent mixing theem los xyuas kom meej uniform reagent dispersion; Tsis muaj zog nplawm yog siv thaum lub sij hawm oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem kom tswj tau sludge fluidization nkaus xwb, tsis txhob muaj zog stirring uas yuav ua rau puas hydroxyl radicals thiab txo kev kho mob efficiency.
3. Reagent Dosing Standards: Hydrogen peroxide yog ntxiv ncaj qha los ntawm kev siv 30% cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam, tsis tas yuav muaj kev sib cais lossis dilution; ferrous sulfate yog npaj thiab siv tam sim ntawd, thiab muab khaws cia rau hauv cov ntim ntim kom tiv thaiv oxidation rau ferric ions, yog li zam kom tsis txhob ua tiav kev ua haujlwm catalytic raws li cov txheej txheem Fenton.
4. Interfering Ion Control: Cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm chloride, sulfate, thiab phosphate ions yuav cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj reagents yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej los ntawm qhov me me - ntsuas ntsuas, lossis cov txheej txheem ua ntej yuav tsum tau ntxiv kom tshem tawm cov ions cuam tshuam.
5. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv kub yog 25-35 degree. Qhov kub siab tshaj 40℃yuav ua rau kom lub cev decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide, txo oxidation efficiency; Yog li ntawd, kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
IV. Reagent Cia thiab Cov Khoom Siv Xaiv Cov Kev Xav Tau
Hais txog kev khaws cia reagent, hydrogen peroxide yuav tsum tau muab cia kom deb ntawm lub teeb thiab cua sov, nyob rau hauv cov thawv ntim, thiab khaws cia kom deb ntawm qhov chaw tshav kub thiab cov khoom tawg thiab tawg; ferrous sulfate yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv cov dej noo- pov thawj thiab oxidation{1}} pov thawj yam; kua qaub thiab alkali reagents yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia cais kom tsis txhob sib xyaw thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb. Hais txog kev xaiv cov khoom siv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tank siv 316L stainless hlau nrog iav flake anti-corrosion txheej, haum rau muaj zog oxidizing ib puag ncig; nws tau nruab nrog lub ntsuas pH online, siab -cov twj tso kua mis ntsuas qhov tseeb, thiab ntsuas ntsuas kom ua tiav qhov tsis siv neeg thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj reagents; nws yog nruab nrog ib tug sludge thickening tank thiab ib phaj thiab thav duab lim xovxwm los ua kom tiav lub dewatering thiab ib ntus cia ntawm hlau sludge, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntej -kev kho cov pov tseg puas.
V. Tej teeb meem txawv txav thiab kev daws teeb meem
Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau kev kho mob tsawg yog pH sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau, ntau stirring nyob rau hauv oxidation seem, thiab imbalanced reagent ratios. Cov kev daws teeb meem yog los ntsuas pH ntsuas pH, txo qhov kev siv zog hauv qhov oxidation seem, thiab rov- kho qhov sib piv reagent los ntawm kev ntsuas me me. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau cov hlau sludge daws tsis zoo yog cov khib nyiab ntau dhau ntawm lub hauv ntej kawg lossis tsis tsim nyog coagulant ntxiv. Cov kev daws teeb meem yog txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog ua ntej kom tshem tawm cov khib nyiab pov tseg thiab kho cov koob tshuaj thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm polyacrylamide ntxiv. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau residual hydrogen peroxide nyob rau hauv lub effluent yog ntau oxidant ntxiv. Cov kev daws teeb meem yog los txo cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide thiab tsim nyog ncua lub sijhawm oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
VI. Txoj Kev Txais Cov Qauv
Cov kev lees paub rau kev kho ua ntej yog: cov dej khib nyiab biodegradability piv ntawm 0.3 lossis siab dua, thiab COD tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 40% mus rau 60%. Cov kev lees paub rau kev kho mob siab heev yog: effluent COD, xim, thiab pH qhov tseem ceeb ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam emissions; suspended solids concentration Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 30mg / L; thiab ua tiav kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau sludge uas tsis muaj kev poob. Cov kev lees paub rau kev ua raws cai yog: ua kom tiav cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg cov khib nyiab pov tseg pov tseg; ruaj khov khoom ua haujlwm; thiab muaj tseeb thiab txhim khu kev qha tsis siv neeg dosing thiab parameter xyuas tshuab.