1. Vim li cas thiaj siv MBR?
Deficiencies thiab teeb meem ntawm ib txwm txoj kev (activated sludge txheej txheem):
Kev kho cov dej khib nyiab feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov activated sludge (ib gelatinous pawg tsim los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov organic thiab inorganic tshuaj uas lawv ua raws) kom decompose cov pa phem. Tom qab ntawd, qhov sib tov yog coj mus rau lub tank sedimentation qhov twg cov sludge settles ib txwm, thaum cov dej ntshiab ntws tawm ntawm sab saum toj. Txoj kev no tau ua haujlwm rau ntau pua xyoo, tab sis nws ntsib ntau yam teeb meem tsis tu ncua:
Cov cheeb tsam loj yuav tsum tau: Ib lub tank loj loj yuav tsum tau tso cai rau cov av nkos maj mam.
Sludge feem ntau ua rau "o": yog tias cov sludge tsis kho kom zoo, nws yuav ntws tawm nrog dej, ua rau cov dej tsis zoo.
Cov sludge ntau dhau: Cov sludge ntau ntau yog tsim, nrog rau cov nqi kho mob suav nrog ntau dua 25% ntawm cov nqi khiav haujlwm.
Cov sludge concentration hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tank tsis tuaj yeem nce ntxiv: nws tuaj yeem khaws cia ntawm 1.5 txog 3.5 grams ib liter, txwv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm MBR tau muab kev daws teeb meem rau cov teeb meem uas tau hais tseg!
Lub MBR hloov cov sedimentation tank thib ob nrog cov txheej txheem membrane, ua tiav kev sib cais ntau dua ntawm cov sludge thiab dej. Cov kab mob no cuam tshuam los ntawm daim nyias nyias, tso cai rau lawv nyob hauv qhov system thaum dej tawm los ntawm daim nyias nyias!
Yog li ntawd, cov sludge concentration tuaj yeem nce mus rau 8 mus rau 15 grams ib liter, uas yog 3 mus rau 5 npaug ntau dua li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj.
Tsis txhob txhawj txog cov teeb meem sludge bulking lawm. Nrog rau daim nyias nyias pore loj soj ntsuam, tsis hais seb cov sludge flocs yog xoob los yog tsis, los yog txawm lawv ntab los yog tsis, lub membrane ncaj qha rau tag nrho cov sludge. Tsis muaj teeb meem li cas cov sludge bulks los yog nws cov sedimentation tsis zoo npaum li cas, nws tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias pores thiab yuav tsis ploj nrog cov effluent, kom ruaj khov effluent zoo.
Cov dej effluent zoo yog qhov zoo heev, nrog cov khib nyiab pov tseg zero thiab turbidity hauv qab 1 NTU.
2. Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm MBR
Kev sib xyaw ntawm MBR
MBR yog sib npaug rau bioreactor ntxiv rau daim nyias nyias. Lub bioreactor yog qhov chaw uas cov kab mob ua haujlwm, thaum lub membrane module ua haujlwm raws li lub sieve rau cais cov dej nkos.
Classification los ntawm membrane module txoj hauj lwm
Immersion type (integrated type): Lub membrane yog ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub tank lom, thiab dej yog muab rho tawm los ntawm qhov tsis zoo siab nqus. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no yog kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab hneev taw me me, tab sis qhov tsis zoo yog qhov tsis tshua muaj membrane flux.
Sab nraud (sib cais) hom: Lub membrane yog teem nyias, thiab cov kua sib tov yog pressurized los ntawm ib lub twj tso kua mis thiab ces dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias. Qhov kom zoo dua yog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab kev tu yooj yim, tab sis lub zog siv ntau dua.
Tam sim no, lub immersed MBR yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau kev kho dej phwj hauv tsev.
Kev faib tawm los ntawm daim ntawv membrane module
Hollow fiber ntau: cov ntim ntim siab, hneev taw me me, tab sis nws yooj yim rau cov xaim tawg thiab thaiv, thiab yooj yim los ntxuav.
Flat hom: yooj yim rau kev tsim, yooj yim los tswj, thiab yooj yim los ntxuav, tab sis nrog ib tug tsawg packing ceev.
Tube hom: tsis yooj yim rau clogging, tiv taus cov kab mob sib kis, yooj yim los ntxuav, tab sis nrog cov khoom ntim qis tshaj plaws thiab tus nqi siab dua.
Qhov "filtration" hauv MBR ua haujlwm li cas?
Lub hauv paus ntawm MBR yog nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias. Nyob ntawm hom kev ua haujlwm, membrane pom tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom:
Kev pom kev tsis tu ncua: Nws zoo li thawb lub sieve nrog lub zog ruaj khov. Thaum xub thawj, cov dej ntshiab ntws sai sai, tab sis raws li qhov chaw ntawm lub sieve tau txhaws nrog sludge, cov dej ntws qeeb. Cov dej ntau lawm tsis tu ncua raws sij hawm!
Constant flow filtration: Nws aims rau "cov dej tso zis tas li". Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov no, thaum daim nyias nyias ua qias neeg thiab qhov tsis kam nce, lub kaw lus yuav cia li ua kom lub zog nqus (transmembrane siab sib txawv nce) kom tswj tau cov dej tso tawm tib yam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, los ntawm kev tsis tu ncua aeration scouring los yog thim rov qab, cov pa phem ntawm daim nyias nyias tau tawg tawm thiab ntxuav tawm, tso cai rau daim nyias nyias "ua pa". Txoj hauv kev no tsis yog tsuas yog tswj cov pa phem ntawm daim nyias nyias, txuas ntxiv lub voj voog tu, tab sis kuj tseem tswj hwm cov dej ntau lawm, ua rau lub cev ua haujlwm ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Cov kab mob "noj" cov pa phem li cas?
Kev kho mob lom hauv MBR yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm decomposing organic teeb meem los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob aerobic. Tom qab noj cov organic teeb meem, cov kab mob feem ntau ua ob yam:
Anabolism: Ib feem ntawm cov organic teeb meem yog siv los tsim ib tus kheej lub cev, ua rau muaj cov kab mob ntau ntxiv.
Decomposition metabolism: Lwm feem ntawm cov organic teeb meem yog kiag li decomposed mus rau hauv ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj teeb meem tshuaj xws li carbon dioxide thiab dej, thaum tso tawm lub zog rau cov kab mob mus rau lub neej. (Nws cov ntsiab lus zoo ib yam li cov activated sludge)
3. Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm MBR
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm MBR
Cov effluent zoo yog qhov zoo heev: cov khib nyiab tshem tawm hauv MBR effluent yuav luag xoom, nrog turbidity hauv qab 1 NTU, thiab cov ntsuas xws li COD thiab ammonia nitrogen yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj. Nws tuaj yeem rov qab siv ncaj qha rau kev tso dej hauv chav dej, kev cog qoob loo, kev ntxuav tsheb, kev ua dej hauv toj roob hauv pes, thiab lwm yam.
Cov hneev taw me me: Tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm lub tank thib ob, cov txheej txheem luv luv thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ua ib hom hauv av, ua rau nws tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov nroog lossis thaj chaw nyob nrog thaj av tsawg.
Tsawg tshaj sludge ntau lawm: MBR tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog sludge ntev, tso cai rau cov sludge zom nws tus kheej, ua rau cov sludge ntau lawm uas tsuas yog ib qho - thib peb rau ib - ib nrab ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj, txo tus nqi ntawm cov sludge pov tseg.
Muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab: Nws tsis ntshai ntawm sludge bulking, raws li siab -concentration sludge muab lub peev xwm buffering muaj zog.
Qib siab ntawm automation: Lub sijhawm hydraulic tuav thiab lub hnub nyoog sludge tau sib cais tag nrho, ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua tiav tag nrho tsis siv neeg tswj thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab kev tswj xyuas.
Qhov tsis txaus thiab cov nyom ntawm MBR
Kev nqis peev siab: Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv membrane yog siab, thiab qhov kev nqis peev yog 30% mus rau 50% siab dua li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj.
Kev siv hluav taws xob siab: cov txheej txheem xws li membrane aeration thiab suction siv hluav taws xob ntau!
Membrane fouling: Cov membrane tuaj yeem ua rau txhaws thiab yuav tsum tau ntxuav tsis tu ncua. Membrane fouling muab faib ua peb theem - thawj fouling (adsorption nyob rau hauv ob peb teev), qeeb fouling (colloid sacumulation nyob rau hauv ob peb lub lis piam), thiab sai fouling (transmembrane siab poob nce nyob rau hauv ob peb hnub), yuav tsum tau sib txawv theem ntawm kev ntsuas tu.
Cov nqi hloov pauv siab siab: Lub neej ntev ntawm daim nyias nyias feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 5 xyoos, thiab nws yuav tsum tau hloov pauv thaum nws tas sij hawm, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntev -.
Cov kev cai pretreatment yuav tsum nruj: ultra- zoo grilles (1 mus rau 2 millimeters) yuav tsum tau ntsia, txwv tsis pub cov plaub hau thiab fibers yuav entangle lub membrane fibers, ua rau muaj kuab paug loj heev thiab txawm membrane puas. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws kuj yog rhiab heev rau oily tshuaj.
