Kev sib piv ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab thiab Qib Siab Sedimentation Tanks

Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas yog qhov tseem ceeb dua, thawj lub tank sedimentation los yog cov sedimentation tank thib ob, tau mus ntev heev.

Qee tus neeg ua haujlwm kho dej ntseeg hais tias thawj lub tank sedimentation yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tag nrho cov kev kho dej thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev cuam tshuam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem biochemical tom ntej; Qee cov neeg ua haujlwm kho dej ntseeg tias qhov kev ntxhov siab tshaj plaws yog tias cov dej ntws tawm los ntawm cov dej hauv lub tank thib ob yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab me ntsis hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv.

Tau kawg, qee qhov kev kho dej phwj tuaj tshiab uas hais txog kev tshem tawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus thiab muaj cov kev xav tau ntau dua tau pib txo / hloov kev siv cov dej hauv thawj thiab theem nrab.

Niaj hnub no, peb yuav tham txog peb yam txog thawj thiab theem nrab sedimentation tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm peb yam ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb, kev ceev faj thiab teeb meem txawv txav.

Lub hauv paus sedimentation tank: lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub hauv paus sedimentation tank, feem ntau yog teem tom qab cov grille thiab grit chamber thiab ua ntej lub aeration tank, feem ntau tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, thiab cov nyhuv tshem tawm tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 90%, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. biological theem.

Secondary sedimentation tank: lub ntsiab lus ntawm theem nrab sedimentation tank, feem ntau yog teem tom qab kev kho mob lom qauv thiab ua ntej kev kho mob sib sib zog nqus los yog tso tawm, feem ntau yog siv los cais cov dej cawv sib tov nyob rau hauv lub aeration tank thiab rov qab sludge concentration, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob lom. .

Lub hauv paus sedimentation tank: feem ntau raug tshem tawm cov khib nyiab SS, qee cov organic teeb meem (tsuas yog raug tshem tawm BOD5), tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv kev kho mob lom.

Secondary sedimentation tank: activated sludge mix cawv, nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm siab concentration, flocculability, lub teeb yuag, qeeb sedimentation tus nqi, thiab lwm yam.

Lub hauv paus sedimentation tank: raws li cov duab thiab cov yam ntxwv dej ntws, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua kab rov tav ntws, radial ntws, ntsug ntws, inclined phaj (tube) hom thiab lwm hom tank. Lub hauv paus sedimentation tank feem ntau suav nrog tsib thaj chaw loj: thaj chaw dej nkag, thaj chaw dej tawm, thaj chaw sedimentation, thaj chaw sludge, tsis muaj.

Secondary sedimentation tank: muab faib los ntawm cov dej ntws kev taw qhia, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua kab rov tav ntws, radial ntws, ntsug ntws, inclined (tube) phaj thiab lwm hom tank. Qhov thib ob sedimentation tank feem ntau suav nrog plaub qhov loj: thaj chaw dej nkag, thaj chaw flocculation, thaj chaw stratified sedimentation, thiab thaj chaw compression.

Lub hauv paus sedimentation tank: nto load 1.5-30m³/㎡.h; tsim sedimentation tshaj tawm 1.5-3.0m/h; lub sij hawm sedimentation 1.0-20h; weir load Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 2.9L / sm; sludge noo noo cov ntsiab lus 95%-97%;

Thib ob sedimentation tank (tom qab activated sludge method): nto load 1.0-1.5m³/㎡.h; tsim sedimentation tshaj tawm 1.0-1.5m/h; lub sij hawm sedimentation 1.5-2.5h; weir load Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 1.7L / sm; sludge noo noo cov ntsiab lus 99.2%-99.6%;

Thib ob sedimentation tank (tom qab biofilm txoj kev): nto load 1.0~ 1.5(m3/m2.h), sedimentation lub sij hawm 1.5 ~ 4.0h, sludge noo noo ntsiab lus 96 ~ 98%, weir load tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 1.7L / (sm).

1) Raws li daim ntawv ntawm lub hauv paus sedimentation tank thiab daim ntawv ntawm cov scraper, txiav txim siab txoj kev scraping thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub voj voog scraping. Tsis txhob cia cov sludge nyob ntev ntev ua rau cov sludge ntab, los yog khawb cov sludge ntau dhau los yog sai dhau los cuam tshuam cov sludge.

2) Lub hauv paus sedimentation tank feem ntau txais cov sludge paug tawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau sau cov kev paub dhau los thiab manually paub tus naj npawb thiab lub sijhawm ntawm sludge tawm raws li kev paub dhau los. Thaum siv cov sludge tawm mus tas li, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau kev saib xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov sludge tawm thiab cov xim ntawm cov sludge tawm.

3) Kev soj ntsuam xyuas yog ua tib zoo saib xyuas seb cov dej tso tawm ntawm txhua lub pas dej ua ke zoo li cas, thiab tseem saib xyuas seb cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov kav dej tsis zoo li cas, seb lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub qhov dej puas raug thaiv los ntawm slag, thiab kho lossis kho kom raws sijhawm.

4) Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas, ua tib zoo saib xyuas seb cov slag hauv lub thoob slag tuaj yeem raug tso tawm kom zoo, seb lub slag scraper thiab lub thoob slag baffle puas zoo sib xws, thiab kho lossis kho nws raws sijhawm.

5) Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas, ua tib zoo saib seb puas muaj lub suab txawv txav hauv cov khoom siv scraping, khawb thiab av nkos, thiab xyuas seb puas muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm nws cov khoom puas thiab tsim nyog, seb puas muaj qhov xoob, thiab lwm yam, thiab kho. los yog kho lawv raws sij hawm.

6) Cov av nkos cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau yaug tsawg kawg ib hlis ib zaug kom tiv thaiv cov av nkos, roj, thiab lwm yam los ntawm kev txhaws hauv cov yeeb nkab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub valve. Kev ywg dej ntau zaus yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv hauv lub caij ntuj no. Tshem tawm cov dej khib nyiab thawj zaug txhua xyoo thiab ua kom huv huv thiab tshuaj xyuas.

7) Ua raws sij hawm kev soj ntsuam thiab kev soj ntsuam cov khoom niaj hnub soj ntsuam ntawm lub hauv paus sedimentation tank raws li cov kev cai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li SS yuav tsum tau muab piv rau lub sij hawm los txiav txim seb qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm SS yog li qub. Yog tias nws txo qis, kev ntsuas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua.

8) Cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas niaj hnub ntawm cov dej hauv lub tank: dej kub, pH tus nqi, CODcr, BOD5, TS, SS ntawm cov dej nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo ntawm cov av nkos, thiab lwm yam.

Ib tus kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm txawv txav ntawm lub hauv paus sedimentation tank kom cov kev ntsuas raug coj los kho nws. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov npuas uas khiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus sedimentation tank thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam, tus nqi ntawm cov sludge nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov thawj sedimentation tank yuav roughly txiav txim (qhov no yog vim lub anaerobic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov organic teeb meem entrained los ntawm lub sij hawm. inorganic silt deposited nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub thawj sedimentation tank tso methane, hydrogen sulfide thiab lwm yam gases); Thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam, saib seb cov effluent ntawm lub hauv paus sedimentation tank muaj residual sludge. Tom qab cov sludge residual nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, nws yuav ua rau cov effluent ntawm cov thawj sedimentation tank muaj activated sludge nyob rau hauv mob hnyav. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom sai li sai tau cov sludge dewatering Rhiav kom nce kev kho cov sludge seem, txwv tsis pub qhov seem ntawm cov sludge yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub pas dej biochemical dua los ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm cov dej hauv thawj lub tank, thiab cov dej tawm ntawm cov sludge seem yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub pas dej biochemical. tsis tau tiav kiag li.

1) Tshawb xyuas thiab kho cov khoom faib dej ntawm lub tank thib ob kom tsis tu ncua kom ntseeg tau tias cov kua sib xyaw ua ke nkag mus rau txhua lub tank thib ob yog sib xws.

2) Txheeb xyuas cov slag tsub zuj zuj hauv lub thoob slag thiab tso tawm raws sij hawm, thiab yaug lub thoob nrog dej tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ua tib zoo saib seb lub slag scraper thiab slag thoob baffle puas zoo sib xws, thiab kho lossis kho lawv raws sijhawm.

3) Tshawb xyuas thiab kho qhov tiaj tus ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob lub qhov hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab qhov tshwm sim luv luv, thiab tshem tawm cov slag dai ntawm lub phaj thiab cov biofilm thiab algae dai ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob trough.

4) Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm cov dej ntws tawm, xws li qhov siab hloov pauv ntawm cov sludge interface, tus nqi ntawm cov sludge raug tshem tawm, seb puas muaj sludge ntab, thiab lwm yam, thiab siv cov phiaj xwm ntsuas los daws qhov teeb meem hauv lub sijhawm. tom qab pom qhov txawv txav kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov dej zoo.

5) Txheeb xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm cov sludge scraping, slag scraping, thiab sludge paug cov cuab yeej, feem ntau saib seb puas muaj kev vibration, suab nrov, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog qhov qub, thiab seb qhov linear ceev, angular tshaj tawm, thiab lwm yam. teem caij. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas, ua tib zoo saib seb puas muaj lub suab txawv txav, thiab xyuas seb qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion puas zoo thiab tsim nyog, seb puas muaj qhov xoob xoob, thiab lwm yam, thiab kho lossis kho lawv raws sijhawm.

6) Tsis tu ncua (feem ntau ib xyoos ib zaug) tshem tawm cov sedimentation tank thib ob rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas, tsom rau kev tshuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab dej, cov kav dej, pas dej hauv qab thiab cov khoom siv sib koom ua ke, thiab kho lawv raws li qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.

7) Txij li thaum cov sedimentation tank feem ntau yog faus tob, thaum cov dej hauv av siab siab thiab cov sedimentation theem nrab yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub pas dej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub meej qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov dej hauv av hauv av. ua ntej. Yog tias tsim nyog, qib dej hauv av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tank thib ob tuaj yeem txo qis ua ntej nchuav.

8) Txheeb xyuas seb qhov kev tswj hwm tsis siv neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lub tank sedimentation tuaj yeem txuas ib txwm, xws li tsis siv neeg tawm ntawm cov sludge los yog scum ua haujlwm ntawm lub tank thib ob raws li cov av nkos ntsuas los ntawm cov av nkos.

Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv rau cov nplua raug tshem tawm hauv cov effluent ntawm thawj cov dej xau tank

Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog: 1) hydraulic load shock lossis overload ntev; vim hais tias cov dej luv-kawg txo lub sij hawm tuav, cov flocs nkag mus rau hauv lub effluent weir nrog cov dej ntws ua ntej daws; 2) over-aeration ntawm cov activated sludge nyob rau hauv lub aeration tank, uas yog oxidation thiab disintegration ntawm sludge nws tus kheej; 3) qee qhov nyuaj-rau-precipitate pollutant hais tau ntxiv rau cov neeg muaj zog.
Countermeasures: 1) Ntxiv regulating tanks kom tusyees faib cov hydraulic load ntawm cov dej inlet; 2) Kho qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob kom txo tau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov cuam tshuam thiab kov yeej qhov teeb meem luv luv; 3) Kho cov kev khiav hauj lwm tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub aeration tank los txhim kho cov sludge flocculation kev ua tau zoo, xws li raws sij hawm replenishment thaum cov as-ham tsis muaj, shortening lub hnub nyoog sludge tshwm sim los ntawm ntau sludge hnub nyoog, thiab kho lub aeration ntim rau ntau aeration; 4) Ntxiv flocculants los txhim kho cov sedimentation kev ua tau zoo ntawm qee qhov nyuaj-rau-precipitate suspended hais; ua kom lub supernatant ntawm lub digester thiab thickener tusyees nkag mus rau hauv lub thawj sedimentation tank tshem tawm nws cov kev tsis zoo; 5) Ua kom cov sludge residual nyob rau hauv lub thib ob sedimentation tank tusyees nkag mus rau lub thawj sedimentation tank kom tshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov seem sludge backflow.

Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv rau lub floating ntawm sludge nyob rau hauv thawj sedimentation tank

Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog: 1) Lub freshness ntawm cov dej tuaj yeem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntab ntawm sludge. Cov dej phwj loj loj tuaj yeem ua rau cov sludge ntab; 3) Cov sludge xa ​​rov qab los ntawm cov sedimentation tank thib ob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ib feem ntawm thawj lub tank sedimentation. Vim nws cov ntsiab lus nitrate siab, qhov tsis muaj oxygen tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv paus sedimentation tank tuaj yeem ua rau nitrate denitrify thiab raug txo kom nitrogen gas txuas nrog cov sludge, ua rau nws ntab. 4) Lub supernatant ntawm cov sludge concentration tank thiab cov effluent ntawm lub dehydrator nkag mus rau hauv thawj sedimentation tank, ua rau cov effluent ua turbid.

Countermeasures: 1) Yog hais tias cov sludge floats nquag, qhov chaw load, lub sij hawm nyob, thiab overflow load ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab xam los ntawm cov kev tswj tsis mus saib seb lawv nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj tsis, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav tsum tau kho; 2) Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, kom cov sludge ntab tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov scum scraper; 3) Los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem biochemical tom ntej, lub hnub nyoog sludge tuaj yeem txo qis, cov txheej txheem nitrification tuaj yeem txo, thiab cov sludge rov qab tuaj yeem nce ntxiv kom txo tau nws lub sijhawm nyob: 4) Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab cov thickener, thiab txhim kho kev khiav hauj lwm efficiency ntawm lub digester thiab post-thickener. Inorganic flocculants tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov dej khib nyiab kom muaj zog thiab ua kom nws ua ntej xa mus rau thawj lub tank sedimentation.

Ua rau thiab tiv thaiv ntawm sludge short-circuit outflow

Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas: 1) Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm overflow load ntawm lub weir phaj los yog uneven weir phaj. 2) Sludge ntab vim malfunction ntawm scraper. 3) Lub radial flow sedimentation tank nto yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov cua muaj zog thiab muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees.
Countermeasures: 1) Txo cov load ntawm weir phaj los yog kho lub weir phaj qhov hluav taws xob qhov siab kom zoo ib yam; 2) Kho raws sij hawm thiab hloov lub faulty scraper.
 

Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv rau qis yaj oxygen nyob rau hauv lub effluent ntawm theem nrab sedimentation tank

1) Cov activated sludge nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub thib ob sedimentation tank ntev dhau lawm, thiab cov aerobic microorganisms nyob rau hauv cov sludge tseem noj cov pa, uas ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv yaj oxygen nyob rau hauv lub effluent ntawm lub thib ob sedimentation tank.
Countermeasures: Ua kom cov sludge rov qab thiab ua kom lub sij hawm nyob.

2) Lub tshuab nqus dej (scraping) sludge yog nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm rov qab cov sludge hauv zos hauv lub tank thib ob hauv lub sijhawm, thiab qee cov sludge nyob rau hauv lub tank thib ob rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab cov kab mob aerobic hauv lub tank. sludge txuas ntxiv siv cov pa oxygen, ua rau txo qis hauv cov pa oxygen hauv cov dej ntws ntawm cov dej hauv cov dej hauv nruab nrab.
Countermeasures: Kho lub tshuab nqus tsev (scraping) sludge nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm kom nws rov qab mus rau lub cev ua hauj lwm.

3) Cov dej kub dheev nce siab, uas ua rau kom cov pa oxygen noj ntawm cov kab mob aerobic hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob anaerobic hauv cov cheeb tsam anoxic hauv zos, thaum kawg ua rau txo qis hauv cov pa oxygen hauv cov dej tawm ntawm cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov dej hauv cov cheeb tsam anoxic.

Countermeasures: Sim ncua lub sijhawm khaws cov dej phwj tuaj hauv cov chaw ua ntej xws li kev tswj hwm homogenization, siv tag nrho cov ntim ntawm lub tank tswj kom circulate dej kub, los yog txo qhov kub los ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau pre-aeration los txhawb dej vapor evaporation.

Ua rau thiab kev tiv thaiv rau qhov nce sai ntawm BOD5 thiab COD ntawm qhov thib ob sedimentation tank effluent

1) Tus nqi ntawm cov dej phwj nkag mus rau hauv lub aeration tank dheev nce, cov organic load dheev nce, los yog cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj lom thiab teeb meem dheev nce.

Kev Tiv Thaiv: Txhim kho cov dej phwj tuaj xyuas kom zoo thiab muab kev ua si tag nrho rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub tank tswj kom ua kom cov dej nkag tau zoo li qhov ua tau.

2) Kev tswj tsis zoo ntawm lub tank aeration (xws li tsis txaus aeration thiab oxygenation), ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov dej ntws tawm.
Countermeasures: Txhim khu kev tswj ntawm lub aeration tank thiab kho ntau yam kev khiav hauj lwm tsis nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm.

3) Kev tswj xyuas tsis zoo ntawm cov dej khib nyiab thib ob (xws li kev tu lub sijhawm tsis tu ncua, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov scraper, thiab lwm yam)
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Txhim kho kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tank sedimentation thib ob, ua kev tshuaj xyuas raws sijhawm, thiab kho cov teeb meem tam sim ntawd thaum lawv pom.

Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv rau lub floating ntawm sludge nyob rau hauv lub thib ob sedimentation tank

Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog: 1) Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov ntab ntawm sludge yog tias cov sludges ib txwm nyob hauv lub tank thib ob ntev dhau lawm, thiab acidification tshwm sim vim kev siv cov pa oxygen maj mam, thiab H2S tshiab thiab lwm cov pa roj tau tsim. , uas txuas nrog cov sludge flocs, txo lawv qhov ceev thiab ua rau cov sludge ntab.

2) Thaum SRT ntawm lub kaw lus ntev, tom qab nitrification tshwm sim, cov kua sib tov nkag mus rau hauv lub tank thib ob yuav muaj cov nitrate ntau. Cov sludge nyob rau hauv lub thib ob sedimentation tank yuav undergo denitrification vim tsis muaj txaus yaj oxygen (DD.<0.5mg/L). The N2 produced by denitrification will also attach to the sludge flocs, reducing their density and causing the sludge to float.

Countermeasures: 1) Tshem tawm cov sludge tshaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab nce tus nqi ntawm rov qab sludge los tiv thaiv cov sludge nyob rau hauv lub thib ob sedimentation tank ntev dhau lawm; 2) Ua kom cov pa oxygen nkag mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub tank aeration kom nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv cov dej cawv sib xyaw nkag mus rau hauv lub tank thib ob kom ntseeg tau tias cov sludge nyob rau hauv lub tank thib ob tsis nyob hauv lub xeev anaerobic lossis anoxic; 3) Rau qhov ntab ntawm sludge tshwm sim los ntawm denitrification, qhov tso tawm ntawm cov sludge ntau tuaj yeem nce ntxiv kom txo tau SRT, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tswj denitrification tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj cov qib ntawm nitrification.