Cov ntsiab lus: Limestone-gypsum ntub dej desulfurization yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov sulfur dioxide emissions hauv thermal fais fab nroj tsuag. Qhov tshwm sim desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab, tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov salinity siab, siab hardness, siab hnyav hlau cov ntsiab lus, thiab tsis tshua muaj biodegradability, ua rau muaj kev sib tw tseem ceeb rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab. Daim ntawv no tsom mus rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob cog desulfurization dej khib nyiab, qhia txog cov ntsiab lus thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv txhua theem raws li qhov ntws ntawm "pretreatment → sib sib zog nqus concentration → solidification / crystallization kev kho mob." Nws txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv, qhov zoo, kev txwv, thiab cov xwm txheej siv tau ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv, sib koom ua ke cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem xaiv los muab kev siv rau kev xaiv kom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob desulfurization cov txheej txheem dej khib nyiab, yog li pab txhawb kev huv huv thiab kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm thermal fais fab kev lag luam.
Ntsiab lus: Thermal fais fab nroj tsuag; desulfurization dej khib nyiab; kev kho mob; txheej txheem yam ntxwv; pretreatment; tob concentration; kev kho mob crystallization
I. Kev Taw Qhia
Nrog rau kev ua kom nruj ib puag ncig cov qauv emissions thiab kev nce qib ntawm "dual carbon" cov hom phiaj, kev kho raws li thermal fais fab nroj tsuag desulfurization dej khib nyiab tau dhau los ua qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav kev txhim kho ntsuab. Tam sim no, ntau dua 90% ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thermal hauv kuv lub tebchaws siv cov limestone-gypsum ntub dej desulfurization txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau yaug lub desulfurization ntauwd, demister, thiab gypsum dewatering system nrog dej huv, ua rau cov dej khib nyiab desulfurization nplua nuj nyob hauv cov hlau hnyav, cov ntsev ntau, thiab cov khib nyiab tshem tawm. Vim nws txoj kev ua dej tsis zoo thiab kev kho siab nyuaj, kev pov tseg tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau cov av thiab dej muaj kuab paug, thaum tseem ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Kev kho hluav taws xob cog hluav taws xob desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "txo qis, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, thiab cov peev txheej rov qab los," ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm "pretreatment → sib sib zog nqus concentration → solidification/crystallization kho." Cov txheej txheem sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv hauv cov yam ntxwv, kev kho mob, thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam. Kev xaiv tsim nyog ntawm cov txheej txheem ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab thiab kev lag luam. Kab lus no tsom mus rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm txhua theem, tshawb xyuas lawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev xaiv cov txheej txheem hauv kev lag luam.
II. Yam ntxwv ntawm Fais Fab Cog Desulfurization Wastewater (Core Basis for Process Selection)
Qhov zoo ntawm desulfurization dej khib nyiab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov thee zoo, limestone purity, thiab desulfurization txheej txheem tsis, qhia tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm "plaub highs thiab ob lows," ncaj qha txiav txim siab ntawm kev xaiv txheej txheem kev kho mob. Tshwj xeeb:
High Salinity: Tag nrho cov yaj yaj (TDS) 20,000 ~ 100,000 mg / L, ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 150,000 mg / L, feem ntau muaj Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, Na⁺, thiab K⁺, nthuav tawm muaj zog corrosiveness;
High Hardness: Ca²⁺ concentration tuaj yeem ncav cuag 4000 mg / L. Mg²⁺ cov ntsiab lus yog kwv yees li 1600 mg / L, yooj yim tsim cov nplai insoluble uas txhaws cov khoom siv; Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hnyav: muaj mercury, cadmium, txhuas, arsenic, thiab lwm yam, ntawm qhov ntau ntawm 0.1 ~ 10 mg / L, qee qhov tsim cov complexes ruaj khov, ua rau kev tshem tawm nyuaj; High suspended solids (SS): Concentration 1000 ~ 10000 mg / L, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm gypsum hais thiab limestone hmoov, yooj yim abrading kav; Tsawg pH tus nqi: 4.5 ~ 6.0, tsis muaj zog acidic, exacerbating khoom corrosion; Tsawg biodegradability: BOD / COD <0.1, nyuaj rau degrade los ntawm cov txheej txheem lom neeg, xav tau cov txheej txheem physicochemical.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej khib nyiab kuj tseem muaj cov tshuaj fluorides, silicates, thiab cov organic rescalcitrant, ntxiv rau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev xaiv cov txheej txheem, xav tau cov txheej txheem kev kho mob uas muaj zog tshwj xeeb thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv.
III. Cov txheej txheem kev kho tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Hluav Taws Xob Desulfurization Cov dej khib nyiab
Fais fab nroj tsuag desulfurization wastewater kho yog ib qhov systematic project. Txhua theem txheej txheem yog interconnected thiab ua hauj lwm synergistically. Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem rau cov theem sib txawv yuav tsum yog raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej zoo, cov hom phiaj kev kho mob, thiab cov xwm txheej tiag tiag ntawm cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob. Cov hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tsom xam ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm txhua theem.
3.1 Pretreatment Processes thiab Yam ntxwv Pretreatment yog lub hauv paus ntawm desulfurization dej khib nyiab. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, feem ntau cov hlau hnyav, calcium thiab magnesium ions, fluorides, thiab silicates, txo cov dej khib nyiab thiab tawv tawv, tiv thaiv scaling thiab clogging hauv cov txheej txheem tom ntej, thiab muab kev tsim nyog rau kev kho mob siab heev. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb muaj xws li coagulation thiab sedimentation, tshuaj softening, thiab pom kom meej. Hauv cov haujlwm tiag tiag, cov txheej txheem ua ke feem ntau siv.
3.1.1 Coagulation thiab Sedimentation txheej txheem
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Coagulants (polyaluminum chloride, polyferric sulfate, thiab lwm yam) thiab coagulant pab (polyacrylamide) yog ntxiv rau cov dej khib nyiab. Los ntawm adsorption thiab flocculation, nplua tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab colloids tsim cov flocs loj, uas tom qab ntawd sib cais los ntawm sedimentation. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi pH raug hloov mus rau 8.5-9.5 (los ntawm kev ntxiv calcium hydroxide), ua rau cov hlau hnyav ions los ua hydroxides, thiab qee cov fluoride ions raug tshem tawm (ua calcium fluoride precipitate).
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: cov txheej txheem yooj yim, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, kev nqis peev tsawg thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam; tshem tawm cov khib nyiab tshem tawm ntau dua 80%, hnyav hlau tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 60% -80%, tuaj yeem txo cov dej khib nyiab sai sai, tsim nyog rau kev xav tau ua ntej ntawm ntau lub tshuab fais fab.
Kev txwv: txwv tsis pub muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntsev soluble thiab cov hlau hnyav; yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog tshuaj softening thiab filtration txheej txheem; nyob rau hauv siab COD tej yam kev mob, advanced oxidation technology yuav tsum tau, txwv tsis pub cov kev kho mob tom ntej yuav raug cuam tshuam.
Cov xwm txheej siv tau: Pretreatment of desulfurization wastewater los ntawm tag nrho cov fais fab nroj tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau me me thiab nruab nrab- cov fais fab nroj tsuag loj uas muaj cov khib nyiab siab thiab cov ntsiab lus hlau hnyav thiab cov peev nyiaj tsawg.
3.1.2 Cov txheej txheem tshuaj Softening
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog tshem cov calcium thiab magnesium ions kom txo cov dej khib nyiab. Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb yog dej nag, uas tau muab faib ua cov txiv qaub- soda tshauv softening thiab sodium hydroxide- soda tshauv softening, raws li cov reagents siv. Cov txiv qaub-soda tshauv txoj kev yog siv dav tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv siab hardness thiab siab silica tej yam kev mob, ib tug peb-theem softening txheej txheem yog siv, sequentially ntxiv Ca(OH)₂, Na₂SO₄, thiab Na₂CO₃ kom tshem tawm Mg²⁺, qee Ca²⁺, thiab cov seem Ca²⁺ stepwise, tsim SO₄, H. nag xob nag cua.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: Lub hom phiaj siab, txo cov dej khib nyiab kom zoo (Ca²⁺ Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 500mg / L, Mg²⁺ Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1000mg / L), tiv thaiv kev scaling tom qab evaporation thiab cov txheej txheem membrane sib cais; cov txiv qaub-soda tshauv txoj kev muaj tus nqi qis, yooj yim muaj cov tshuaj reagents, thiab tsim nyog rau siab -hardness, siab -silica desulfurization dej khib nyiab.
Kev txwv: Reagent ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum tau tswj kom meej, txwv tsis pub muaj kev ua qias tuaj nruab nrab; sludge ntau lawm yog loj, xav tau kev txhawb nqa sludge pov tseg chaw; cov sodium hydroxide-soda tshauv txoj kev yog tus nqi kim thiab tsuas yog tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau ua kom cov dej tsis zoo heev.
Cov xwm txheej siv tau: Pretreatment ntawm siab-hardness, siab-silica, thiab siab- fluoride desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej xws li kev sib cais membrane thiab MVR evaporation nrog cov kev cai nruj ntawm influent hardness.
3.1.3 Cov txheej txheem lim thiab nthuav tawm
Txheej txheem txheej txheem: Cov txheej txheem no ntxiv tshem tawm cov nplua flocs, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, thiab cov colloids los ntawm coagulation, sedimentation, thiab tshuaj softening, kom ntseeg tau tias cov turbidity ntawm pretreated effluent raws li cov qauv (feem ntau tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 100mg / L, membrane concentration yuav tsum tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug rau 5 mg). Cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb suav nrog xuab zeb pom, ultrafiltration (UF), thiab tubular membrane pom.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: High filtration raug; ultrafiltration tuaj yeem txo cov dej turbidity qis dua 1 NTU; tubular daim nyias nyias muaj zog tiv thaiv - fouling muaj peev xwm thiab yooj yim los ntxuav thiab tswj; zoo tiv thaiv downstream membrane modules thiab evaporation khoom, txhim kho system stability; xuab zeb filtration yog pheej yig; ultrafiltration thiab tubular daim nyias nyias yog tsim rau cov xwm txheej nrog kev hloov pauv loj hauv dej zoo.
Cov kev txwv: Cov xuab zeb pom muaj qhov txwv tsis pub tshem tawm cov colloids zoo; ultrafiltration thiab tubular daim nyias nyias muaj cov nqi peev ntau dua, thiab cov txheej txheem membrane yuav tsum tau hloov tsis tu ncua (lifespan 1-3 xyoos); tubular daim nyias nyias ua haujlwm ntawm qhov siab dua thiab muaj zog dua me ntsis.
Siv tau Scenarios: Sand filtration yog haum rau qhov kawg ntawm cov pa pretreatment; ultrafiltration thiab tubular daim nyias nyias yog tsim rau cov nroj tsuag fais fab uas siv cov txheej txheem membrane concentration tom qab, los yog qhov uas tshem tawm cov khib nyiab concentration fluctuates ho.
3.2 Cov txheej txheem sib sib zog nqus thiab cov yam ntxwv Txawm tias tom qab pretreatment, cov dej khib nyiab tseem muaj cov ntsev ntsev ntau dua (TDS Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 10000 mg / L), xav tau qhov sib sib zog nqus kom txo nws cov ntim (80% ~ 90%). Cov concentrated brine yog siv rau tom qab solidification / crystallization, thaum cov dej tshiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tau muab faib ua ob pawg tseem ceeb: membrane cais concentration thiab evaporation concentration.
3.2.1 Membrane Separation Concentration Process
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Raws li kev xaiv permeability ntawm daim nyias nyias, cov ntsev thiab dej sib cais nyob rau hauv siab. Cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb suav nrog rov qab osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), thiab disc raj rov qab osmosis (DTRO). Nanofiltration tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev sib cais ua ntej ntawm impurities, tso lub hauv paus rau kev rov qab los.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: High concentration efficiency; RO dej tshiab rov qab tus nqi 70% ~ 80%, desalination tus nqi tshaj 99%, permeate tuaj yeem rov siv ncaj qha; DTRO muaj zog tiv thaiv - fouling muaj peev xwm, haum rau siab - salinity, siab - tshem tawm - cov dej khib nyiab, qhov sib piv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 ~ 20 zaug; Nanofiltration tuaj yeem khaws cov ions divalent, txo cov load ntawm cov txheej txheem tom ntej thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev siv cov khoom siv ntsev.
Kev txwv: nruj me ntsis rau cov dej zoo; hardness thiab suspended solids yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis txhob muaj cov membrane fouling; zoo tib yam RO daim nyias nyias tsis tiv taus cov tshuaj chlorine siab, yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj chlorine tshwj xeeb -cov ntaub so ntswg tiv taus; high membrane hloov cov nqi (sau ntau tshaj 40% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi khiav hauj lwm), ua rau muaj kev nqis peev siab.
Cov xwm txheej siv tau: RO yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob uas xav tau kev xav tau siab thiab rov qab siv qis dua - mus rau - nruab nrab salinity desulfurization dej khib nyiab; DTRO yog tsim rau cov dej khib nyiab nrog cov dej loj hloov pauv thiab cov dej qab ntsev thiab cov khib nyiab siab; Nanofiltration yog tsim rau tej yaam num tsom rau kev siv peev txheej ntawm lwm yam ntsev.
3.2.2 Evaporation Concentration txheej txheem
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Cov txheej txheem no concentrates ntsev los ntawm evaporating dej los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cua sov. Nws haum rau siab - dej qab ntsev (TDS Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 30000 mg / L). Cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb suav nrog Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR), cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshem tawm evaporation, thiab flue gas evaporation.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: MVR muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg (kwv yees li 30 ~ 50 kWh / t dej), qhov sib piv ntawm 10 ~ 20 npaug, thiab tsim nyog rau kev kho loj - teev; Cov cab kuj gas extraction evaporation tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob pov tseg los ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntej ua ntej, thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam tsawg; flue gas evaporation muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg heev thiab kev nqis peev tsawg, tuaj yeem ua tiav xoom cov dej pov tseg, thiab tsim nyog rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob me thiab nruab nrab - loj.
Cov kev txwv: MVR muaj cov nqi peev siab, yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov dej noj zoo, thiab nws yooj yim rau scaling thiab clogging; Cov cab kuj roj extraction evaporation tshuab muaj qhov pib siab thiab tam sim no tsis tshua siv; flue gas evaporation yuav tsum tau tswj cov nyhuv atomization kom tsis txhob flue corrosion thiab clogging, thiab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov hlau hnyav emissions.
Cov xwm txheej siv tau: MVR yog qhov tsim nyog rau loj - nplai thermal fais fab nroj tsuag thiab tej yaam num uas siab xoom- emission yuav tsum tau; carrier gas extraction evaporation yog tsim rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob loj uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg thiab qhov chaw txwv; flue gas evaporation yog tsim rau me me thiab nruab nrab - cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob loj thiab xoom- emission tej yaam num nrog cov peev nyiaj tsawg.
3.3 Solidification/Crystalization txheej txheem thiab cov yam ntxwv sib sib zog nqus concentrated brine (TDS Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 50000mg / L) yuav tsum tau rendered harmless los ntawm solidification los yog crystallization. Qee cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tiav cov peev txheej ntsev rov qab, uas yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav xoom tso tawm ntawm desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb suav nrog evaporation crystallization, flue gas evaporation solidification, thiab cement solidification.
3.3.1 Cov txheej txheem evaporation crystallization
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Cov brine tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub crystallizer rau ntxiv evaporation ntawm dej, ua rau cov ntsev mus txog saturation thiab crystallize tawm. Ua ke nrog nanofiltration thiab cryogenic nitrification technologies, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav qib purification ntawm impurities, cais sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, thiab lwm yam ntsev.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: Pab kom cov khoom siv ntsev rov qab; rov qab ntsev, ib zaug ua tau raws li cov qauv purity, tuaj yeem rov qab siv ua cov khoom siv raw; kev kho mob zoo; concentrated brine tom qab crystallization tsis muaj teeb meem, tsis muaj cov pa phem thib ob; haum rau siab - ntsev concentrated brine kho; tuaj yeem ua ke nrog MVR rau kev ua haujlwm qis - zog.
Kev txwv: Kev nqis peev ntau thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam; nyuaj purification ntawm tov ntsev; cov ntsev sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo tib yam yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg raws li cov pov tseg pov tseg; siab xav tau rau pub dej zoo stability; Cov nyhuv crystallization cuam tshuam zoo heev los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej zoo.
Siv tau Scenarios: loj fais fab nroj tsuag; tej yaam num nrog kev thov siab rau cov khoom siv ntsev sib xyaw; tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau scenarios nrog loj desulfurization khib nyiab ntim thiab siab ntsev rov qab muaj nuj nqis, xws li thee chemical fais fab nroj tsuag.
3.3.2 Nthuav cov pa roj evaporation thiab cov txheej txheem Solidification
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog yog atomized thiab txau rau hauv lub boiler tail flue. Cov khib nyiab cua sov ntawm cov roj flue (120 ~ 180 degree) ua rau evaporation sai sai. Cov ntsev crystallizes thiab yog ntes nrog ya tshauv, sib sau ua ib tug ya tshauv sib tov. Yog tias nws ua tau raws li cov qauv, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev; txwv tsis pub, nws yog pov tseg raws li cov pov tseg txaus ntshai.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: Kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg heev, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cua sov ntxiv, tus nqi qis peev (40% qis dua MVR); Kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, me me hneev taw, thiab ua tiav sai ntawm xoom emissions; haum rau kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam concentrated brine.
Kev txwv: Kev xav tau siab rau cov khoom siv atomization; yooj yim rau flue gas deposition thiab corrosion; hnyav hlau cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv yoov tshauv tuaj yeem tshaj cov qauv, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nruj; Tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav kev siv ntsev ntsev, thiab kev kho cov ntsev ntsev yog nyob ntawm kev siv cov tshauv ya.
Cov xwm txheej siv tau: me me thiab nruab nrab- cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob cua sov, cov haujlwm uas muaj qhov txwv tsis pub, xoom xoom sai sai- emission xav tau, thiab kev siv nyiaj tsawg.
3.3.3 Cement Solidification txheej txheem
Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem: Cov brine sib xyaw ua ke, lwm yam ntsev, cov cement, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Los ntawm cov cement hydration cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov hlau hnyav yog tsau rau hauv cov cement matrix, txo cov kev pheej hmoo leaching. Tom qab lub cev solidified ua tau raws li cov qauv, nws yog pov tseg los ntawm kev pov tseg.
Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem:
Qhov zoo: txheej txheem yooj yim, ua haujlwm yooj yim, tus nqi qis; kev kho mob zoo rau cov concentrated brine nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hnyav, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlau hnyav hnyav; haum rau cov xwm txheej pov tseg xwm txheej ceev.
Kev txwv: Kev siv nyiaj rov qab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau; cov ntaub ntawv solidified yog loj thiab occupies av chaw; Cov nqi pov tseg yog siab, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev leaching ntev -, ua rau nws cov ntawv thov qis dua.
Cov xwm txheej siv tau: Kev kho mob ntawm cov brine concentrated nrog cov ntsiab lus hlau hnyav hnyav heev uas nyuaj rau rov ua dua tshiab, lossis kev xav tau pov tseg thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
IV. Cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev xaiv txheej txheem
Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem rau kev kho hluav taws xob desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab yuav tsum xav txog cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov dej, lub hom phiaj kev kho mob (ua raws li kev tso tawm / xoom tso tawm), lub zog cog hluav taws xob, pob nyiaj siv, thiab qhov chaw nyob. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav tsum yog "lub hom phiaj zoo, kev lag luam zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov": Rau cov chaw me me thiab nruab nrab- cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob me me nrog cov nyiaj tsawg thiab tsis muaj peev txheej rov qab xav tau, siv cov txheej txheem "coagulation sedimentation + sand filtration + flue gas evaporation"; rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob loj nrog xoom xoom- qhov yuav tsum tau tso tawm, "peb-theem softening + ultrafiltration + MVR evaporation + evaporation crystallization" txheej txheem yuav siv tau; rau cov nroj tsuag tsom rau cov peev txheej rov qab los ntawm lwm yam ntsev, nanofiltration thiab cryogenic nitrification txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua ke.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev kho hluav taws xob desulfurization cov dej khib nyiab tau tsim cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, nrog rau txhua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo: cov txheej txheem pretreatment tsom rau "kev tshem tawm impurity thiab hardness txo" kom ruaj khov tom qab kho; Cov txheej txheem sib sib zog nqus tsom mus rau "qhov txo qis" kom sib npaug ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab nqi; thiab cov txheej txheem solidification/crystallization tsom rau "kev puas tsuaj + kev siv peev txheej" los daws cov teeb meem ntawm lwm yam ntsev pov tseg. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis yuav hloov pauv mus rau kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, kev siv cov peev txheej, thiab kev txawj ntse, kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas ntxiv, txo cov nqi khiav lag luam, txhim kho cov peev txheej siv cov ntsev ntsev, thiab pab kev lag luam thermal ua kom muaj kev lag luam ntsuab thiab siab - kev loj hlob zoo.