Cov khoom siv kho dej khib nyiab

 

 

Silicon carbide (SiC) daim nyias nyias, nrog lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, acid thiab alkali tsis kam, fouling tsis kam, thiab kev siv tshuab siab, ua kom pom kev ua tau zoo tshaj li cov tsoos organic thiab inorganic ceramic membranes hauv cov xwm txheej xws li kev kho dej khib nyiab siab heev, cov dej phwj hauv nroog rov qab, thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab tshwj xeeb. Lawv tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav.

 

I. Core Application Scenarios thiab Technical Solutions

1. Siab -Kev Cuam Tshuam Organic Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Kev lag luam muaj feem xyuam: Coal chemical, petrochemical, kws tshuaj, luam ntawv thiab dyeing, papermaking

 

Cov yam ntxwv dej khib nyiab: COD siab, siab turbidity, muaj cov organic teeb meem recalcitrant, qee cov dej khib nyiab muaj qhov kub siab (60-120 degree)

 

Kev daws teeb meem:

• Pretreatment Theem: Hloov cov xuab zeb pom thiab ntau- media filtration, SiC ultrafiltration membranes tuaj yeem khaws cov khib nyiab pov tseg, colloids, thiab cov roj tee dej, nrog cov dej turbidity tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.1 NTU thiab SDI Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 3, muab cov dej ntau dua ({3} rov qab osmosis) nanofiltration (NF), ncua lub neej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tom ntej los ntawm 3-5 zaug.
• Qib Kev Kho Mob Siab Tshaj Plaws: SiC nanofiltration daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem khaws cov khoom me me -cov khoom organic (xws li phenols, dyes, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob). Ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem oxidation siab heev (AOP), qhov no ua tiav qhov COD degradation tob hauv cov dej khib nyiab, ua tau raws li cov qauv emissions lossis rov siv dua.

Cov xwm txheej: Hauv kev kho cov dej siab ntawm - ntsev cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj lom neeg, SiC ultrafiltration membranes ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm 80℃thiab pH 10-11, nrog rau qhov poob qis ntawm<5%/month and a chemical cleaning cycle of up to 6 months.

 

2. Kev kho cov dej khib nyiab oily
Kev Lag Luam Muaj Peev Xwm: Oilfield tsim dej, hlau ua emulsions, catering dej khib nyiab

 

Cov yam ntxwv dej khib nyiab: muaj cov roj emulsified thiab cov roj dispersed; roj droplet loj me me (1-100 nm), yooj yim ua rau daim nyias nyias fouling.

 

Qhov zoo ntawm daim ntawv thov:

• The SiC membrane surface has weak hydrophobic and oleophilic properties, making it difficult for oil droplets to adsorb and deposit; it is resistant to chemical cleaning and can be cleaned with high-concentration alkaline solution (2% NaOH) + sodium hypochlorite (1000 mg/L), with a flux recovery rate >95%. Daim ntawv thov kev daws teeb meem: Siv cov txheej txheem "demulsification pretreatment + SiC ultrafiltration membrane sib cais" cov txheej txheem, cov roj muaj txiaj ntsig - dej sib cais tau tiav, nrog cov roj cov ntsiab lus tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 5 mg / L, uas tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rov qab ua cov dej pleev xim rau circulating txias.

 

3. Kev siv dej khib nyiab hauv nroog
Siv tau Scenarios: Txhim kho thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog, rov siv dej rov qab

 

Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb: Cov dej ntws yuav tsum ua tau raws li "Cov Qauv Dej Zoo rau Kev Siv Dej Siv Hauv Nroog Rov Siv Dej" (GB/T 19923-2005)

 

Qhov zoo ntawm daim ntawv thov:

• Compared to traditional activated sludge + sand filtration processes, the SiC membrane bioreactor (SiC-MBR) eliminates the need for a secondary sedimentation tank, reducing the footprint by 40%; it retains sludge flocs and bacteria, achieving effluent turbidity ≤0.1 NTU and an E. coli removal rate >99.99%.
• Nws muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab loads; Lub kaw lus kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov tseem tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej zoo (COD, ammonia nitrogen spikes); Cov tshuaj ntxuav lub voj voog yog ntev, thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab kev saib xyuas yog 30% qis dua cov organic MBRs.

 

4. Pretreatment of High -Salinity Wastewater for Zero Discharge

Kev lag luam muaj feem xyuam: Lub zog cog desulfurization dej khib nyiab, metallurgical pickling dej khib nyiab, tshuaj lom neeg siab - dej ntsev

 

Cov yam ntxwv dej khib nyiab: Cov ntsiab lus ntsev siab (TDS 10000-50000 mg / L), siab hardness, muaj cov hlau hnyav ions

 

Tus nqi thov:

• SiC ultrafiltration daim nyias nyias yog resistant rau siab - ntsev ib puag ncig thiab yuav tsis o los yog deform vim kev hloov nyob rau hauv osmotic siab; lawv tuaj yeem khaws cov nplais uas tsim los ntawm calcium thiab magnesium ions thiab hnyav hlau hydroxide colloids, tiv thaiv kev txhaws ntawm cov evaporators thiab crystallizers.
• Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem pretreatment ib txwm (xws li cov txiv qaub softening), cov effluent hardness ntawm SiC membrane systems yog<50 mg/L (calculated as CaCO₃), significantly reducing the risk of evaporator scaling and improving the operating efficiency of zero-discharge systems.

 

5. Tshwj xeeb siab -Tswv dej khib nyiab

Cov xwm txheej siv tau: Papermaking dub cawv (kub 80-}100 degree), high-temperature dyeing wastewater (kub 60-90 degree), kws tshuaj fermentation broth (kub 50-70 degree)

 

Technical Barriers: Cov tsoos organic membranes tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias<50℃, and are prone to aging and failure under high-temperature conditions.

 

SiC Membrane Advantages: Ntev - lub sij hawm kam rau 120℃siab kub, tsis xav tau cua txias pretreatment, ncaj qha kev kho ntawm siab - kub noj cov ntsiab lus, txuag txias zog noj; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kua dej fluidity, txo cov viscosity, thiab ua kom cov membrane flux.

 

II. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev thov

1.Pretreatment Optimization: A 50-100 μm pob tawb lim yuav tsum tau muab ntsia kom tshem tawm cov impurities loj (xws li xuab zeb, gravel, thiab fibers) kom tsis txhob khawb ntawm daim nyias nyias; oily wastewater xav tau kev kho demulsification ua ntej (xws li ntxiv demulsifiers lossis ultrasonic demulsification) kom txo tau cov membrane fouling load.

 

2.Txoj kev Parameter Control

• Kev khiav hauj lwm siab: Pom zoo 1-5 bar kom tsis txhob membrane pore deformation vim kev kub siab;
• Hla- khiav nrawm: 0.5-2 m/s. Rau cov dej khib nyiab heev, tus nqi ntws tuaj yeem tsim nyog nce ntxiv los txhim kho lub zog shear thiab suppress concentration polarization;
• Lub tswv yim ntxuav: Txais kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm "cua- dej rov qab + tshuaj ntxuav". Lub voj voog rov qab: 15-30 min / sijhawm; Tshuaj ntxuav lub voj voog: 3-6 lub hlis / sijhawm. Alkaline ntxuav + acid ntxuav yog nyiam.

 

3.System Integration Design
Modular tsim rau lub peev xwm hloov tau yooj yim raws li kev ntim khoom; nruab nrog PLC automated tswj system los saib xyuas cov tsis xws li flux, siab, thiab turbidity nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, ua tiav tsis siv neeg rov qab ntxuav thiab tshuaj ntxuav, txo cov nqi kev pab cuam.

 

 

 

Cov Txheej Txheem Tshiab Tshiab: SiC daim nyias nyias yog ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem oxidation siab heev (xws li ozone catalytic oxidation), membrane distillation, thiab electrochemical oxidation kom ua tiav kev sib sib zog nqus purification thiab cov peev txheej rov qab los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab nyuaj heev.

 

Expanded Resource Recovery: Thaum kho cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig thiab siab - cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, SiC daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab rov qab los ntawm cov hom phiaj, txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab.

 

Cov txheej txheem tu thiab tu tom qab SiC Membrane sim
SiC daim nyias nyias, nrog rau lawv cov kua qaub thiab alkali tsis kam, oxidation tsis kam, thiab siab mechanical zog, yuav tsum tau tom qab - sim tu thiab tu. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom tshem tawm cov kab mob kom huv si los ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab qhov pores, rov ua kom cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kev ua haujlwm khaws cia, tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo ntawm fouling, thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem tu thiab tu cov txheej txheem, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ceev faj.

 

I. Tshaj tawm -Kev sim ua ntej: Kev ntsuam xyuas kab mob thiab kev yaug ua ntej

Tom qab kev sim, hom thiab qib ntawm daim nyias nyias fouling yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ua ntej lub hom phiaj tu yog nqa tawm:

 

1. Hom Kev Txiav Txim Siab

- Kev faib tawm raws li kev sim pub khoom noj:

- Inorganic fouling: Tom qab kho siab - hardness, siab - salinity wastewater, calcium thiab magnesium carbonates thiab hlau oxides (xws li Fe₂O₃, MnO₂) yooj yim tso rau ntawm daim nyias nyias;

- Organic fouling: Tom qab kho siab -COD, oily, thiab dyeing wastewater, organic teeb meem, roj, thiab dye molecules yooj yim adsorbed nyob rau hauv lub pores;

- Biological fouling: Tom qab kho cov dej phwj hauv nroog thiab fermentation broth, cov kab mob thiab cov fungi tau yooj yim loj hlob ntawm daim nyias nyias, tsim cov biofilm.

 

2. Fluid Decay xam

Sau qhov pib flux $J_0$ thiab qhov kawg flux $J_1$. Xam cov flux decay rate $\\eta=(J_0 - J_1) / J_0\\times100\\%$.

- Yog tias $\\eta < 10\\%$: Tsuas yog yuav tsum tau rov qab ntxuav nrog dej huv;

- Yog tias $10\\%\\leq\\eta < 30\\%$: rov qab ntxuav nrog dej huv + tshuaj ntxuav yooj yim;

- Yog tias $\\eta\\geq 30\\%$: rov qab ntxuav nrog dej huv + kho tshuaj ntxuav kom zoo.

 

3. Ua ntej ntxuav dej rov qab

- Siv tus ntoo khaub lig- flow backwash hom, tswj lub backwash siab ntawm 0.5–1 bar, thiab backwash flow tus nqi ntawm 1.2–1.5 npaug ntawm kev sim khiav khiav khiav;

- Siv cov dej deionized los yog ultrafiltration permeate ua qhov nruab nrab rov qab los kom tsis txhob nthuav tawm cov impurities tshiab nrog cov kais dej;

- Lub sij hawm ntxuav rov qab: 10–15 feeb, kom txog thaum cov kua dej rov qab yog qhov tseeb thiab tsis muaj cov khoom pov tseg uas pom tseeb.

 

II. Staged Chemical Cleaning Process (Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb)
Xaiv cov txheej txheem ntxuav raws li qib ntawm kev sib kis, ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "alkaline ntxuav ua ntej, tom qab ntawd ntxuav cov kua qaub, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias tsim nyog", tsis txhob sib tov ncaj qha ntawm cov kua qaub thiab alkalis.

 

1. Alkaline Ntxuav: Tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob lom
Haum rau kev ntxuav cov membrane tom qab kev sim nrog oily, siab -COD cov dej khib nyiab. Siv cov tshuaj alkali rau saponify roj, decompose organic teeb meem, thiab tev tawm ntawm biofilm.

- Cov qauv tshuaj ntxuav tu (Xaiv ib qho):

- Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem: 0.5–1% (ntau seem) NaOH tov + 500–1000 mg/L sodium hypochlorite (NaClO);

- Mild Formulation: 0.3–0.5% sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) tov + 300–500 mg/L hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) (Suitable for chlorine-sensitive applications).

- Kev khiav hauj lwm Parameter:

- Kev Kub Kub: 30-40℃(nce kub tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tu, tab sis yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 60 degree);

- Kev Tu Siab: 0.3–0.8 bar, siv tus ntoo khaub lig- ntws ncig tu, ncig tshaj tawm 0.8–1.2 m / s;

- Lub Sijhawm Ntxuav: 30–60 min. Yog tias muaj kab mob hnyav heev, soak rau 1-2 teev ua ntej rov ua dua tshiab.

- Kev Txiav Txim Kawg: Cov xim thiab turbidity ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav yog ruaj khov, thiab COD qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag mus thiab tawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tu yog qhov tseem ceeb.

 

2. Acid Ntxuav: Tshem tawm ntawm Inorganic Fouling
Tsim nyog rau kev ntxuav cov membrane tom qab kev sim nrog siab - hardness, siab - dej qab ntsev, dissolving inorganic nplai thiab hlau oxide precipitates ntawm daim nyias nyias.

- Cov qauv tshuaj ntxuav tu (Xaiv ib qho):

- Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem: 0.1–0.5% (ntau seem) citric acid tov (kho pH mus rau 2–3, haum rau ntxuav calcium thiab magnesium scale);

- Txhim kho Formulation: 0.5-1% hydrochloric acid (HCl) tov (tsim rau kev ntxuav cov hlau oxide; tsis txhob muaj zog acid corrosion ntawm cov cuab yeej).

- Kev khiav hauj lwm Parameter:

- Kev Tu Siab: 0.3–0.8 bar, hla- khiav nrawm nrawm 0.8–1.2 m / s;

- Lub Sijhawm Ntxuav: 20–40 min, tsis xav tau cua sov, chav tsev kub tu txaus;

- Cov Lus Ceeb Toom Tseem Ceeb: Tom qab ntxuav cov kua qaub, yaug cov txheej txheem membrane nrog dej ntau deionized kom txog thaum cov khoom siv dej pH rov qab los rau nruab nrab (6-8) txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kua qaub seem los ntawm kev ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg.

 

3. Kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob (xaiv tau) Yog tias qhov kev sim tshuaj yog cov tshuaj lom neeg lom (xws li fermentation broth los yog cov dej phwj hauv nroog), yuav tsum muaj cov kauj ruam tua kab mob tom qab ntxuav alkaline kom tua cov kab mob seem.

- Tshuaj tua kab mob: 1000–2000 mg/L peracetic acid tov los yog 500–1000 mg/L sodium hypochlorite tov;

- Cov txheej txheem: So rau 30 feeb, tom qab ntawd yaug nrog dej deionized kom txog thaum tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob seem.

 

III. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb

Tom qab ntxuav, cov nyhuv ntxuav yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev kuaj flux kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm rov zoo:

 

1. Pure Water Flux Test: Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem (kub 25 degree, siab 1 bar), sim cov membrane cov dej ntshiab flux $J_2$;

 

2. Fluidity Recovery Rate xam: Flux rov qab tus nqi $\\gamma=J_2/J_0\\times100\\%$;

- Yog tias $\\gamma\\eq90\\%$: Kev ntxuav yog tsim nyog, thiab daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem siv rau kev sim tom ntej;

- Yog $70\\%\\eq\\gamma<90\%$: The chemical cleaning process needs to be repeated;

- Yog $\\gamma<70\%$: Irreversible fouling may exist. Check the membrane surface for damage and replace the membrane element if necessary.

 

IV. Ntev - Lub Sij Hawm Cia thiab Kho

Yog tias cov khoom siv hauv daim nyias nyias yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev (ntau tshaj 7 hnub) tom qab kev sim, nws yuav tsum raug kaw kom tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm microbial thiab membrane pore blockage:

 

1. Short-Lub Sij Hawm Cia (7–30 hnub)

- Sau cov membrane module thiab tubing nrog 0.05-0.1% sodium hypochlorite tov;

- Kaw lub qhov nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub membrane module thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, tsis txhob tshav ntuj ncaj qha.

 

2. Ntev- Lub Sij Hawm Cia (Ntau tshaj 30 hnub)

- Tom qab ua tiav cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab ua kom tiav cov ntaub so ntswg, soak lub membrane hauv 1-2% glycerol tov rau 30 feeb;

- Tshem tawm cov tshuaj glycerol ntau dhau, kaw lub qhov nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob, thiab khaws cia rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm 0–40℃kom tiv thaiv kom khov tawg lossis siab - qhov kub thiab txias.

 

V. Kev txwv kev tu thiab tu

1. Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj hydrofluoric acid (HF) los yog cov tshuaj ntxuav tes uas muaj fluorides, vim lawv yuav ua rau cov khoom siv SiC membrane corrode;

 

2. Avoid prolonged high-temperature cleaning (>60 degree) los tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm daim nyias nyias module seals;

 

3. Cov tshuaj ntxuav kua qaub thiab alkaline yuav tsum tau npaj thiab khaws cia nyias. Kev sib xyaw ncaj qha yog txwv nruj kom tsis txhob muaj cov pa phem;

 

4. Zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub ntxhov siab thaum lub sij hawm ntxuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha.

 

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